Rheological changes of dough and bread quality prepared from a sweet dough: Effect of temperature and mixing time

The effect of dough mixing time and temperature on the extensographic characteristics of yeast sweet dough was studied. Changes on bread structural characteristics were also evaluated. Mixing time was varied from 15 to 35 min. Temperature was worked out on four ranges: 16-19, 19-22, 22-25, and 25-29°C. Results showed that extensibility did not change at short mixing times (15 min). As temperature and mixing time increased, extensibility also increased, varying from 9.6 to 29 cm. Resistance to extension was a function of both temperature and mixing time, reaching a maximum value of 650 extensographic units (EU) and a minimum of 180 EU. As temperature increased, greater resistance to the extension values were observed at shorter mixing times. Bread apparent density was also affected by mixing time, whereas temperature did not affect. Firmness also increased with mixing time and temperature. Extensographic and bread characteristics showed an abrupt change depending on process conditions, indicating a limit of energy input to provoke this behavior. Although rheological results could be fitted to a mathematical model, there was not a single equation that fits all data.