A novel approach to the oral delivery of bionanostructures for systemic disease

Nanostructures for oral medicine can efficiently encapsulate drugs at high concentrations cross the cell membrane and release the drugs at the target site in a controlled manner for a prescribed period of time. Nanostructures are used as sustained delivery carriers in chronic therapies to reduce the frequency dose/dosing, minimizing side effects and increasing patient compliance. The focus of this chapter is to provide an overview of the role of nanostructures for oral medicine like synthesis, characterization, drug delivery mechanisms, and in vitro and in vivo techniques of the biodistribution and bioimaging of nanoparticle. However, stability, bioavailability, and solubility in the gastrointestinal tract create a challenge in the preparation of these nanostructures. This chapter sheds light on oral delivery nanostructures researched in medicine, including synthesis techniques and materials that can be effectively used for controlled oral drug delivery applications used in diseases treatments.