TY - JOUR
T1 - Transcoding resilient video watermarking scheme based on spatio-temporal HVS and DCT
AU - Cedillo-Hernandez, Antonio
AU - Cedillo-Hernandez, Manuel
AU - Garcia-Vazquez, Mireya
AU - Nakano-Miyatake, Mariko
AU - Perez-Meana, Hector
AU - Ramirez-Acosta, Alejandro
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) of Mexico, the National Polytechnic Institute and the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) for financial support of this work.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Video transcoding is a legitimate operation widely used to modify video format in order to access the video content in the end-user's devices, which may have some limitations in the spatial and temporal resolutions, bit-rate and video coding standards. In many previous watermarking algorithms the embedded watermark is not able to survive video transcoding, because this operation is a combination of some aggressive attacks, especially when lower bit-rate coding is required in the target device. As a consequence of the transcoding operation, the embedded watermark may be lost. This paper proposes a robust video watermarking scheme against video transcoding performed on base-band domain. In order to obtain the watermark robustness against video transcoding, four criteria based on Human Visual System (HVS) are employed to embed a sufficiently robust watermark while preserving its imperceptibility. The quantization index modulation (QIM) algorithm is used to embed and detect the watermark in 2D-Discrete Cosine Transform (2D-DCT) domain. The watermark imperceptibility is evaluated by conventional peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index (SSIM), obtaining sufficiently good visual quality. Computer simulation results show the watermark robustness against video transcoding as well as common signal processing operations and intentional attacks for video sequences.
AB - Video transcoding is a legitimate operation widely used to modify video format in order to access the video content in the end-user's devices, which may have some limitations in the spatial and temporal resolutions, bit-rate and video coding standards. In many previous watermarking algorithms the embedded watermark is not able to survive video transcoding, because this operation is a combination of some aggressive attacks, especially when lower bit-rate coding is required in the target device. As a consequence of the transcoding operation, the embedded watermark may be lost. This paper proposes a robust video watermarking scheme against video transcoding performed on base-band domain. In order to obtain the watermark robustness against video transcoding, four criteria based on Human Visual System (HVS) are employed to embed a sufficiently robust watermark while preserving its imperceptibility. The quantization index modulation (QIM) algorithm is used to embed and detect the watermark in 2D-Discrete Cosine Transform (2D-DCT) domain. The watermark imperceptibility is evaluated by conventional peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index (SSIM), obtaining sufficiently good visual quality. Computer simulation results show the watermark robustness against video transcoding as well as common signal processing operations and intentional attacks for video sequences.
KW - Human Visual System
KW - Motion distortion threshold
KW - Video transcoding
KW - Video watermarking
KW - Visual attention region
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84887585383&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.sigpro.2013.08.019
DO - 10.1016/j.sigpro.2013.08.019
M3 - Artículo
SN - 0165-1684
VL - 97
SP - 40
EP - 54
JO - Signal Processing
JF - Signal Processing
ER -