TY - JOUR
T1 - Terrestrial behavior of Ateles spp.
AU - Campbell, Christina J.
AU - Aureli, Filippo
AU - Chapman, Colin A.
AU - Ramos-Fernández, Gabriel
AU - Matthews, Kim
AU - Russo, Sabrina E.
AU - Suarez, Scott
AU - Vick, Laura
N1 - Funding Information:
Fieldwork on BCI by Campbell was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (SBR-9711161), the L.S.B. Leakey Foundation, the Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, and a Short-term Fellowship from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Campbell also thanks Antigone Thomas and Dr. Thomas A. Wake for help in collecting data pertaining to the project. Fieldwork at Punta Laguna was supported by the Margot Marsh Fund, the Peace College Faculty Development Fund and the National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT, Mexico). Ramos-Fernandez and Vick thank Eulogio and Macedonio Canul for their assistance in the field. The L.S.B. Leakey Foundation supported fieldwork carried out at Santa Rosa by Matthews and Aureli, who also acknowledge the work of Sarah Carnegie, Yvonne Con-stancio, Sasha Gilmore, Cara Murphy, Kate Nowak, and Hugo Rojas for gathering data. Data from Cocha Cashu were collected during fieldwork supported by the National Science Foundation and grants from the Organization for Tropical Studies and the University of Illinois Dissertation Travel and Clark Research Grants. Russo thanks her field assistants, particularly Jill Roland, for their dedication and help. Suarez thanks the L.S.B. Leakey Foundation, the National Science Foundation and Dr. Peter Rodman for funding fieldwork at Yasuni and Gorky Villa, Nigel Pitmen, Jill Anderson, Jacob Nabe-Nielson, and Robyn Burnham for their help in collecting data. Finally we thank an anonymous reviewer for suggestions and comments that greatly improved the paper.
PY - 2005/10
Y1 - 2005/10
N2 - Spider monkeys (Ateles spp.) are well known for their highly arboreal lifestyle, spending much of their time in the highest levels of the canopy and rarely venturing to the ground. To investigate terrestriality by Ateles and to illuminate the conditions under which spider monkeys venture to the ground, we analyzed ad libitum data from 5 study sites, covering 2 species and 5 subspecies. Three of the sites are in Central/North America: Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama (Ateles geoffroyi panamensis), Santa Rosa National Park, Costa Rica (A. g. frontatus), and Punta Laguna, Mexico (A. g. yucatanensis). The 2 remaining sites are in South America: Cocha Cashu Biological Station, Perú (A. belzebuth chamek) and Yasuni National Park, Ecuador (A. b. belzebuth). Terrestrialism by Ateles at all sites is rare; however, it is more restricted at the 2 South American sites. In South America, ground use only occurred in the contexts of eating soil or rotten wood and visiting salt licks. In contrast at the 3 sites with Ateles geoffroyi it rarely occurred in a feeding context, but instead more frequently while drinking from streams during the dry season, by adult females escaping attack by adult males, and as part of a chase game. In addition, on BCI adult males were on the ground before attacking adult females. We discuss potential explanations, e.g., climate, species differences, predation pressure, for the differences between the Central/North and South American observations.
AB - Spider monkeys (Ateles spp.) are well known for their highly arboreal lifestyle, spending much of their time in the highest levels of the canopy and rarely venturing to the ground. To investigate terrestriality by Ateles and to illuminate the conditions under which spider monkeys venture to the ground, we analyzed ad libitum data from 5 study sites, covering 2 species and 5 subspecies. Three of the sites are in Central/North America: Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama (Ateles geoffroyi panamensis), Santa Rosa National Park, Costa Rica (A. g. frontatus), and Punta Laguna, Mexico (A. g. yucatanensis). The 2 remaining sites are in South America: Cocha Cashu Biological Station, Perú (A. belzebuth chamek) and Yasuni National Park, Ecuador (A. b. belzebuth). Terrestrialism by Ateles at all sites is rare; however, it is more restricted at the 2 South American sites. In South America, ground use only occurred in the contexts of eating soil or rotten wood and visiting salt licks. In contrast at the 3 sites with Ateles geoffroyi it rarely occurred in a feeding context, but instead more frequently while drinking from streams during the dry season, by adult females escaping attack by adult males, and as part of a chase game. In addition, on BCI adult males were on the ground before attacking adult females. We discuss potential explanations, e.g., climate, species differences, predation pressure, for the differences between the Central/North and South American observations.
KW - Ateles
KW - Predation
KW - Spider monkeys
KW - Terrestrial behavior
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=26444532223&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10764-005-6457-1
DO - 10.1007/s10764-005-6457-1
M3 - Artículo
SN - 0164-0291
VL - 26
SP - 1039
EP - 1051
JO - International Journal of Primatology
JF - International Journal of Primatology
IS - 5
ER -