Support effects in the hydrotreatment of model molecules

The support effect on the activity of hydrotreating catalysts using model molecules was analyzed for catalysts supported on TiO₂, SiO₂ and MgO. The results reported in the literature indicate that adequate design of the characteristics of the catalytic support is of great importance in the development of better hydrotreating catalysts. It was shown that by means of an adequate support design it is possible to increase significantly the HDS, HYD and HDN functionalities of hydrotreating catalysts. Semiconducting supports like TiO₂ can improve the HDS and HYD activities by exerting electronic effects on the active phase, helping in this way the formation of sulfur vacancies. Alumina supports modified by SiO₂ can facilitate the sulfidation of the active species, leading to better-promoted type II active sites with increased HDS and HYD catalyst functionalities. The nature of the support affects the sulfidation and dispersion of the catalysts even when chelating agents are used during catalyst preparation.