Study on Second- and Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties in Nanostructured Carbon Allotropes

This chapter focuses on the allotropic characteristic of carbon. So, the physical, chemical, mechanical, and especially optical characteristics of the various molecular or crystalline structures of carbon are evaluated. The various synthesis techniques used for each of the allotropes studied are mentioned, in addition to pointing out the importance of the crystalline structure of carbon in relation to its physicochemical and mechano-optical properties. Each polyform has physical and chemical properties that vary remarkably according to its structure, such as density and hardness. It is possible to define a wide range of applications based solely on carbon nanostructures. Furthermore, the second- and third-order nonlinear optical parameters and their magnitudes exhibited by the diverse geometries of carbon are pointed out.