TY - JOUR
T1 - Starch digestibility
T2 - past, present, and future
AU - Bello-Perez, Luis A.
AU - Flores-Silva, Pamela C.
AU - Agama-Acevedo, Edith
AU - Tovar, Juscelino
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
PY - 2020/11/1
Y1 - 2020/11/1
N2 - In the last century, starch present in foods was considered to be completely digested. However, during the 1980s, studies on starch digestion started to show that besides digestible starch, which could be rapidly or slowly hydrolysed, there was a variable fraction that resisted hydrolysis by digestive enzymes. That fraction was named resistant starch (RS) and it encompasses those forms of starch that are not accessible to human digestive enzymes but can be fermented by the colonic microbiota, producing short-chain fatty acids. RS has been classified into five types, depending on the mechanism governing its resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis. Early research on RS was focused on the methods to determine its content in foods and its physiological effects, including fermentability in the large intestine. Later on, due to the interest of the food industry, methods to increase the RS content of isolated starches were developed. Nowadays, the influence of RS on the gut microbiota is a relevant research topic owing to its potential health-related benefits. This review summarizes over 30 years of investigation on starch digestibility, its relationship with human health, the methods to produce RS and its impact on the microbiome.
AB - In the last century, starch present in foods was considered to be completely digested. However, during the 1980s, studies on starch digestion started to show that besides digestible starch, which could be rapidly or slowly hydrolysed, there was a variable fraction that resisted hydrolysis by digestive enzymes. That fraction was named resistant starch (RS) and it encompasses those forms of starch that are not accessible to human digestive enzymes but can be fermented by the colonic microbiota, producing short-chain fatty acids. RS has been classified into five types, depending on the mechanism governing its resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis. Early research on RS was focused on the methods to determine its content in foods and its physiological effects, including fermentability in the large intestine. Later on, due to the interest of the food industry, methods to increase the RS content of isolated starches were developed. Nowadays, the influence of RS on the gut microbiota is a relevant research topic owing to its potential health-related benefits. This review summarizes over 30 years of investigation on starch digestibility, its relationship with human health, the methods to produce RS and its impact on the microbiome.
KW - digestibility
KW - microbiome
KW - resistant starch
KW - satiety
KW - slowly digestible starch
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85091856369&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/jsfa.8955
DO - 10.1002/jsfa.8955
M3 - Artículo de revisión
C2 - 29427318
AN - SCOPUS:85091856369
SN - 0022-5142
VL - 100
SP - 5009
EP - 5016
JO - Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
JF - Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
IS - 14
ER -