TY - JOUR
T1 - Process dynamics of electric arc furnace during direct reduced iron melting
AU - Morales, R. D.
AU - Conejo, A. N.
AU - Rodriguez, H. H.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors are indebted to the following institutions for their financial support: COFAA and SNI. One of us (ANC) acknowledges the support for a sabbatical leave provided by the National Council for Science and Technology (CoNACYT) and Instituto Tecnológico de Morelia. We appreciate the continued support to collect industrial data from IMEXSA, especially to R. Torres, steelshop manager. Finally, the authors give thanks to the anonymous reviewers who contributed in this article with their suggestions.
PY - 2002
Y1 - 2002
N2 - A phenomenological mathematical model to simulate steelmaking operations in an electric arc furnace (EAF) has been developed. This model has been validated with industrial data from a Mexican company that employs direct reduced iron (DRI) as the main iron unit. The slag and steel composition can be predicted in real time with the aid of several components integrated into the simulator. The model starts with the optimization of mass and energy balances that yields the requirement of materials to produce a given quality of steel with the minimum cost. The rate of reduction of iron oxide is computed based on two reactions occurring between the FeO and carbon dissolved in the metal and FeO with the carbon particles injected into the slag. A mechanism of consumption of carbon particles has been completed, which includes the effect of suffactant species in the slag and operational variables of the industrial practice of carbon injection. A new concept, called dynamic foaming index, (DFI) is proposed to quantify the actual foaming behavior of industrial slags throughout a commercial heat. The results prove the versatility and robustness of the present mathematical model and provide a knowledge base to assist in the design, operation, and optimization of metallurgical practices for EAF steelmaking.
AB - A phenomenological mathematical model to simulate steelmaking operations in an electric arc furnace (EAF) has been developed. This model has been validated with industrial data from a Mexican company that employs direct reduced iron (DRI) as the main iron unit. The slag and steel composition can be predicted in real time with the aid of several components integrated into the simulator. The model starts with the optimization of mass and energy balances that yields the requirement of materials to produce a given quality of steel with the minimum cost. The rate of reduction of iron oxide is computed based on two reactions occurring between the FeO and carbon dissolved in the metal and FeO with the carbon particles injected into the slag. A mechanism of consumption of carbon particles has been completed, which includes the effect of suffactant species in the slag and operational variables of the industrial practice of carbon injection. A new concept, called dynamic foaming index, (DFI) is proposed to quantify the actual foaming behavior of industrial slags throughout a commercial heat. The results prove the versatility and robustness of the present mathematical model and provide a knowledge base to assist in the design, operation, and optimization of metallurgical practices for EAF steelmaking.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0036540686&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11663-002-0004-7
DO - 10.1007/s11663-002-0004-7
M3 - Artículo
SN - 1073-5615
VL - 33
SP - 187
EP - 199
JO - Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B: Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science
JF - Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B: Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science
IS - 2
M1 - 4
ER -