TY - JOUR
T1 - Mechanical behavior of glass fiber-reinforced Nylon-6 syntactic foams and its Young's modulus numerical study
AU - Yáñez-Macías, Roberto
AU - Rivera-Salinas, Jorge E.
AU - Solís-Rosales, Silvia
AU - Orduña-Altamirano, Daniel
AU - Ruíz-Mendoza, David
AU - Herrera-Guerrero, Adán
AU - Lara-Sanchez, Jesús
AU - González-Morones, Pablo
AU - García-Hernández, Zureima
AU - Hernández-Hernández, Ernesto
AU - Gregorio-Jáuregui, Karla M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
PY - 2021/7/15
Y1 - 2021/7/15
N2 - Glass fiber-reinforced Nylon-6 syntactic foams (GRSF) were fabricated by melt mixing, adding silane-modified hollow glass microspheres (HGMf) at 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt% and an impact modifier at 15 wt. Tensile test results showed that the foam's strength increased with the addition of HGMs but started to decrease when the volume fraction of the spheres was higher than 18 vol% (10 wt%). To elucidate the reinforcement mechanism, a numerical simulation of GRSF was carried out. It revealed that HGMs progressively become the reinforcement phase of GRSFs, as their volume fraction increased due to the load transfer occurring more readily in the HGMs than the fiber, which is expected to be the reinforcement. Hence, for a desired weight-strength ratio, thicker walls are necessary to delay the elastic relaxation of the microspheres and the impairing of the composite as a whole in the context of strength. HGMs with relative wall thickness τ = 0.04 produce an impairing on Young's modulus, if the volume fraction of microspheres is exceeded than 18 vol% because the microspheres are not able to endure increased loads. In addition, a significant reduction of the density was observed by up to 12% in the GRSFs with 30 wt% of both fibers and HGMs. The insight gained of GRSFs role and the numerical simulation achieved through this work, is a significant step toward developing applications of these lightweight materials, since they show good combination of strength, toughness, density, and thermal insulation performance, which can be useful in the automotive, aeronautical and sports industries.
AB - Glass fiber-reinforced Nylon-6 syntactic foams (GRSF) were fabricated by melt mixing, adding silane-modified hollow glass microspheres (HGMf) at 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt% and an impact modifier at 15 wt. Tensile test results showed that the foam's strength increased with the addition of HGMs but started to decrease when the volume fraction of the spheres was higher than 18 vol% (10 wt%). To elucidate the reinforcement mechanism, a numerical simulation of GRSF was carried out. It revealed that HGMs progressively become the reinforcement phase of GRSFs, as their volume fraction increased due to the load transfer occurring more readily in the HGMs than the fiber, which is expected to be the reinforcement. Hence, for a desired weight-strength ratio, thicker walls are necessary to delay the elastic relaxation of the microspheres and the impairing of the composite as a whole in the context of strength. HGMs with relative wall thickness τ = 0.04 produce an impairing on Young's modulus, if the volume fraction of microspheres is exceeded than 18 vol% because the microspheres are not able to endure increased loads. In addition, a significant reduction of the density was observed by up to 12% in the GRSFs with 30 wt% of both fibers and HGMs. The insight gained of GRSFs role and the numerical simulation achieved through this work, is a significant step toward developing applications of these lightweight materials, since they show good combination of strength, toughness, density, and thermal insulation performance, which can be useful in the automotive, aeronautical and sports industries.
KW - composites
KW - foams
KW - mechanical properties
KW - polyamides
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102258555&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/app.50648
DO - 10.1002/app.50648
M3 - Artículo
AN - SCOPUS:85102258555
SN - 0021-8995
VL - 138
JO - Journal of Applied Polymer Science
JF - Journal of Applied Polymer Science
IS - 27
M1 - 50648
ER -