TY - JOUR
T1 - Massive sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable region of bronchoalveolar lavage from patients with COVID-19 and VAP reveals the collapse of the pulmonary microbiota
AU - Durán-Manuel, Emilio Mariano
AU - Loyola-Cruz, Miguel Ángel
AU - Cruz-Cruz, Clemente
AU - Ibáñez-Cervantes, Gabriela
AU - Gaytán-Cervantes, Javier
AU - González-Torres, Carolina
AU - Quiroga-Vargas, Edith
AU - Calzada-Mendoza, Claudia Camelia
AU - Cureño-Díaz, Monica Alethia
AU - Fernández-Sánchez, Verónica
AU - Castro-Escarpulli, Graciela
AU - Bello-López, Juan Manuel
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Background. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is a predisposing factor for the development of healthcare-associated infections, of which ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one. Hypothesis. VAP is caused by ESKAPE bacteria and other pathogens not detected by microbiological culture. Aim. To elucidate the bacterial pathogens of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and VAP patients by massive sequencing and to predict their degree of relationship with the age and sex of the patients. Methods. Analysis of ribosomal libraries of the V3-V4 hypervariable region obtained by Illumina sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavages from COVID-19 and VAP (first wave) patients from Hospital Juárez de México. Results. Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas were the main bacterial genera in the bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) analysed. Other members of the ESKAPE group, such as Enterococcus and Klebsiella, were also identified. Taxonomic composition per patient showed that non-ESKAPE genera were present with significant relative abundances, such as Prevotella, Stenotrophomas, Enterococcus, Mycoplasma, Serratia and Corynebacterium. Kruskal-Wallis analysis proved that VAP acquisition is an adverse event that is not influenced by the sex and age of COVID-19 patients. Discussion. Metagenomic findings in COVID-19/VAP patients highlight the importance of implementing comprehensive microbiological diagnostics by including alternative tools for the detection of the causal agents of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Conclusions. Timely identification of bacteria 'not sought' in diagnostic bacteriology laboratories will allow specific and targeted treatments. Implications for the restricted diagnosis of VAP causative agents in COVID-19 patients and the presence of pathogens not detected by classical microbiology are analysed and discussed.
AB - Background. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is a predisposing factor for the development of healthcare-associated infections, of which ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one. Hypothesis. VAP is caused by ESKAPE bacteria and other pathogens not detected by microbiological culture. Aim. To elucidate the bacterial pathogens of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and VAP patients by massive sequencing and to predict their degree of relationship with the age and sex of the patients. Methods. Analysis of ribosomal libraries of the V3-V4 hypervariable region obtained by Illumina sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavages from COVID-19 and VAP (first wave) patients from Hospital Juárez de México. Results. Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas were the main bacterial genera in the bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) analysed. Other members of the ESKAPE group, such as Enterococcus and Klebsiella, were also identified. Taxonomic composition per patient showed that non-ESKAPE genera were present with significant relative abundances, such as Prevotella, Stenotrophomas, Enterococcus, Mycoplasma, Serratia and Corynebacterium. Kruskal-Wallis analysis proved that VAP acquisition is an adverse event that is not influenced by the sex and age of COVID-19 patients. Discussion. Metagenomic findings in COVID-19/VAP patients highlight the importance of implementing comprehensive microbiological diagnostics by including alternative tools for the detection of the causal agents of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Conclusions. Timely identification of bacteria 'not sought' in diagnostic bacteriology laboratories will allow specific and targeted treatments. Implications for the restricted diagnosis of VAP causative agents in COVID-19 patients and the presence of pathogens not detected by classical microbiology are analysed and discussed.
KW - DNA sequencing
KW - ESKAPE bacteria
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - bioinformatics
KW - dysbiosis lug
KW - ventilator-associated pneumonia
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85147460484&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1099/jmm.0.001634
DO - 10.1099/jmm.0.001634
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 36748614
AN - SCOPUS:85147460484
SN - 0022-2615
VL - 71
JO - Journal of Medical Microbiology
JF - Journal of Medical Microbiology
IS - 12
M1 - 001634
ER -