TY - JOUR
T1 - Levetiracetam as an antiepileptic, neuroprotective, and hyperalgesic drug
AU - Cortes-Altamirano, J. L.
AU - Olmos-Hernández, A.
AU - Bonilla-Jaime, H.
AU - Bandala, C.
AU - González-Maciel, A.
AU - Alfaro-Rodríguez, A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Neurology India | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.
PY - 2016/11/1
Y1 - 2016/11/1
N2 - The main purpose of this review was to expound upon the mechanism of action of Levetiracetam (LEV) as an antiepileptic, neuroprotective, and hyperalgesic drug. LEV is a second-generation anti-epileptic drug (AED) that is approved for clinical use as monotherapy and may also be used for adjunctive treatment of patients with seizures. Several researchers have recommended LEV as a treatment option in different diseases causing neuronal damage, and recently, LEV has been used as an antihyperalgesic drug. LEV exhibits favorable characteristics, including a low potential for interaction, a short elimination half-life, and has neither active metabolites nor major negative effects on cognition. This has generated many new research avenues for the utilization of this drug. However, the precise mechanism of action of LEV has not been fully elucidated. In this review, a search was conducted on PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCO, and the Science Citation index for studies evaluating the effects of LEV as an antiepileptic, neuroprotective, and hyperalgesic drug. A total of 32 studies related to the use of LEV suggested different mechanisms of action, such as binding to the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) protein, inhibition of Ca2+ N-type channels, and its presence as a neuromodulator. These studies concluded that the pharmacodynamics of LEV should be viewed as a single pathway, and should not be based on specific molecular targets that depend on the physiological or pathological conditions prevalent at that time.
AB - The main purpose of this review was to expound upon the mechanism of action of Levetiracetam (LEV) as an antiepileptic, neuroprotective, and hyperalgesic drug. LEV is a second-generation anti-epileptic drug (AED) that is approved for clinical use as monotherapy and may also be used for adjunctive treatment of patients with seizures. Several researchers have recommended LEV as a treatment option in different diseases causing neuronal damage, and recently, LEV has been used as an antihyperalgesic drug. LEV exhibits favorable characteristics, including a low potential for interaction, a short elimination half-life, and has neither active metabolites nor major negative effects on cognition. This has generated many new research avenues for the utilization of this drug. However, the precise mechanism of action of LEV has not been fully elucidated. In this review, a search was conducted on PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCO, and the Science Citation index for studies evaluating the effects of LEV as an antiepileptic, neuroprotective, and hyperalgesic drug. A total of 32 studies related to the use of LEV suggested different mechanisms of action, such as binding to the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) protein, inhibition of Ca2+ N-type channels, and its presence as a neuromodulator. These studies concluded that the pharmacodynamics of LEV should be viewed as a single pathway, and should not be based on specific molecular targets that depend on the physiological or pathological conditions prevalent at that time.
KW - Antiepileptic drug
KW - epilepsy
KW - hyperalgesic
KW - levetiracetam
KW - mechanism of action
KW - neuronal damage
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84997228965&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.4103/0028-3886.193801
DO - 10.4103/0028-3886.193801
M3 - Artículo de revisión
C2 - 27841198
AN - SCOPUS:84997228965
SN - 0028-3886
VL - 64
SP - 1266
EP - 1275
JO - Neurology India
JF - Neurology India
IS - 6
ER -