Implementation and Integration of Sustainability in the Water Industry: A Systematic Literature Review

The changing stature of the environment and society, in general, necessitates a shift from the business-as-usual approaches to sustainable frameworks in the water industry. The industry’s reliance on conventional methods has created gaps in service delivery and the attainment of Sustainable Development Goals. Sustainable approaches have been implemented but are yet to reap any benefits for the foreseeable future. The flailing nature of the industry has created a need for the integration of sustainable initiatives such as the circular economy and Industry 4.0 technologies. A systematic review was conducted to determine the implementation and integration of sustainability in the water industry. The examination utilized the PRISMA framework to identify the best fit articles for inclusion. A total of 48 articles were identified that explored both the concepts of implementation and integration. The findings indicate that the circular economy initiatives will close the loops through the 6R model. Furthermore, the application of Industry 4.0 technologies such as artificial intelligence, IoT, and big data will increase the efficiency/performance of the industry. The paper has a favorable implication for society and the industry, as it recommends specific tools/interventions for sustainable water management.