TY - JOUR
T1 - Host-pathogen interactions mediated by extracellular vesicles in Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy
AU - Gómez-Chávez, Fernando
AU - Murrieta-Coxca, José M
AU - Caballero-Ortega, Heriberto
AU - Morales-Prieto, Diana M
AU - Markert, Udo R
N1 - Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2023/8
Y1 - 2023/8
N2 - Molecular communication between a pathogen and its host is crucial for a successful interplay. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) act as mediators for the delivery of molecular signals among pathogens or between pathogens and the host. Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), an intracellular parasite with a worldwide presence, produces EVs itself, or induces the secretion of EVs from infected host cells potentially having capacities to modulate the host immune response. T. gondii infection is particularly important during pregnancy. Depending on the gestational age at the time of infection, the parasite can be transmitted through the placenta to the fetus, causing clinical complications such as jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, chorioretinitis, cranioencephalic abnormalities, or even death. T. gondii infection is related to a pro-inflammatory immune response in both mother and fetus, which may enhance parasite transmission, but the implication of EV signaling in this process remains unclear. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on EV release from T. gondii and its human host cells in regard to the immunological consequences and the passage through the placenta.
AB - Molecular communication between a pathogen and its host is crucial for a successful interplay. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) act as mediators for the delivery of molecular signals among pathogens or between pathogens and the host. Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), an intracellular parasite with a worldwide presence, produces EVs itself, or induces the secretion of EVs from infected host cells potentially having capacities to modulate the host immune response. T. gondii infection is particularly important during pregnancy. Depending on the gestational age at the time of infection, the parasite can be transmitted through the placenta to the fetus, causing clinical complications such as jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, chorioretinitis, cranioencephalic abnormalities, or even death. T. gondii infection is related to a pro-inflammatory immune response in both mother and fetus, which may enhance parasite transmission, but the implication of EV signaling in this process remains unclear. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on EV release from T. gondii and its human host cells in regard to the immunological consequences and the passage through the placenta.
KW - Pregnancy
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Toxoplasmosis
KW - Toxoplasma
KW - Host-Pathogen Interactions
KW - Extracellular Vesicles
KW - Placenta
KW - Toxoplasma gondii
KW - Extracellular vesicles
KW - Placenta
KW - Pregnancy
KW - Immune cells
U2 - 10.1016/j.jri.2023.103957
DO - 10.1016/j.jri.2023.103957
M3 - Artículo de revisión
C2 - 37253287
SN - 0165-0378
VL - 158
SP - 103957
JO - Journal of Reproductive Immunology
JF - Journal of Reproductive Immunology
ER -