Diversidad morfológica del frijol ayocote del Carso Huasteco de México

Ayocote beans (Pttaseoius-coccineus L.) cultivated in-temperate and subtropcal regions in-Mexiro The national collection of the species includes 800 accessions and it is preserved by one national germplasm bank places in Chapingo, Mexico. In this work 98 ayocote bean accessions from sub-province Huasteco Karst of Puebla, Mexico were characterized based on phenological traits as well as seed color and dimension traits. In addition, climate conditions from each accession original site were registered. Predominant seed colors were black (Nl) and variations of purple (5R) and beige (10YR and 7.5YR). Germplasm was clustered into 2 groups of accessions: one included 42 accessions with late biological cycle (days to physiological maturity < 110), large seeds (weight of 100 seeds < 40 g), and large pods (length < 8 cm) with 1 to 3 seeds, which were developed by empirical selection by local farmers in locations with minimum temperatures from 2 to 5 °C. The other group included 56 accessions comprising plants with early cycle (≤ 110 days), small seeds (weight ≤ 40 g), and short pods (length ≤ 8 cm) with 2 to 4 seeds, which are commonly grown in sites with minimum temperatures from 0 to -2 °C. Despite ayocote beans grown at Huasteco karst is limited to a relatively small surface, we found significant phenotypic variation and differentiation based on forms and growing seasons. Further work should help to determine the strategies for conservation and use of this germplasm.