Detection and recognition of the targets by means of use the signal polarization properties

The quality of radar target recognition can be enhanced by exploiting its polarization signatures. A specialized X-band polarimetric radar was used for target recognition in experimental investigations. The following polarization on characteristics connected to the object geometrical properties were investigated: the amplitudes of the polarization matrix elements; an anisotropy coefficient; depolarization coefficient; asymmetry coefficient; the energy of a backscattering signal; object shape factor. A large quantity of polarimetric radar data was measured and processed to forma database of different object and different weather conditions. The histograms of polarization signatures were approximated by a Nakagami distribution, then used for real-time target recognition. The Neyman-Pearson criterion was used for the target detection, and the criterion of the maximum of a posterior probability was used for recognition problem. Some results of experimental verification of pattern recognition and detection of objects with different electrophysical and geometrical characteristics urban in clutter are presented in this paper.