Características clínico-epidemiológicas de las micosis registradas durante cinco años en un hospital de tercer nivel

BACKGROUND: The incidence and prevalence of fungal infections constantly changes depending on the geographical area, sex, age, climate and location of the lesion, so understanding its epidemiology is not easy because fungal infections are not mandatory reporting, leading to the ignorance of its real frequency. OBJECTIVE: To know the epidemiological situation of mycoses in a third level hospital in the State of Mexico in the period 2013-2018. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective, observational and cross-sectional study was carried out in a third level hospital in the State of Mexico, Mexico. The study sample was constituted by the records of patients with a diagnosis of mycosis from 2013 to 2018. The variables analyzed were: type of mycosis, etiological agent, sex, age, comorbidities and treatment. RESULTS: 671 cases of mycosis were found, affecting men and women aged 0-85 years. The frequency of the types of mycoses were: 62.6% opportunistic, 36.4% superficial, 0.7% systemic and 0.3% subcutaneous. The most frequent comorbidity was diabetes mellitus. The azole or polyene antifungals were the treatment of choice. CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiological data obtained in this study reveal that opportunistic mycoses are the most frequent and that the most affected population is the one with diabetes mellitus. Therefore, it is necessary to implement prevention programs, since some mycoses, such as mucormycosis, are life-threatening.