Aislamiento y caracterización celular de exosomas de plasma para su uso como biomarcadores de diagnóstico

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles essential in intercellular communication; they act as vehicles of broad scope. They are travelling in body fluids and delivering molecular messages to cells in the organism. Messages released by exosomes like DNA, RNA and proteins are associated with different pathological conditions including cancer. Therefore, the efficient isolation and cellular characterization of exosomes from plasma is essential to use them as biomarkers in many diseases. Here, exosomes were purified from patients diagnosed with pediatric cancer and healthy individuals as control. The exosomes recovered were characterized using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, the presence of CD63 and CD81 transmembrane proteins was confirmed using Western blot. Besides, miRNAs presence was identified from exosomes. This work describes a complete technique to isolate and characterize exosomes from human plasma, recognizing their potential as biomarkers.