TY - JOUR
T1 - Zinc oxide-co-sodium zirconate
T2 - A fast heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production from soybean oil
AU - Rodríguez-Ramírez, Ricardo
AU - Sosa-Rodríguez, Fabiola S.
AU - Vazquez-Arenas, Jorge
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - In this study, Zinc Oxide-co-Sodium Zirconate (ZnO·Na2ZrO3) is synthesized utilizing a solid-state method with the aim of performing a fast transesterification of triglycerides contained in soybean oil, to be competitive against the homogeneous process employing caustic soda. This procedure enabled to synthesize a composite catalyst with enhanced properties for this application. The material is characterized using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis isotherms, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled to Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDXS), finding a denser structure with sodium zirconate lamellas collapsed each other, with a surface area of 0.7 m2 g-1, and a weight composition close to the theoretical value, without the presence of impurities. Using this composite catalyst, 97% of biodiesel conversion is produced in 15 min at 65 °C (i.e. methanol boiling point), with 4.5 wt% catalyst, methanol: oil molar ratio of 14:1, and stirring speed of 500 rpm, as optimal conditions obtained from a Box-Behnken Experimental Design (BBD) along with a Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The chemical composition of biodiesel is evaluated through FT-IR spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) measurements.
AB - In this study, Zinc Oxide-co-Sodium Zirconate (ZnO·Na2ZrO3) is synthesized utilizing a solid-state method with the aim of performing a fast transesterification of triglycerides contained in soybean oil, to be competitive against the homogeneous process employing caustic soda. This procedure enabled to synthesize a composite catalyst with enhanced properties for this application. The material is characterized using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis isotherms, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled to Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDXS), finding a denser structure with sodium zirconate lamellas collapsed each other, with a surface area of 0.7 m2 g-1, and a weight composition close to the theoretical value, without the presence of impurities. Using this composite catalyst, 97% of biodiesel conversion is produced in 15 min at 65 °C (i.e. methanol boiling point), with 4.5 wt% catalyst, methanol: oil molar ratio of 14:1, and stirring speed of 500 rpm, as optimal conditions obtained from a Box-Behnken Experimental Design (BBD) along with a Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The chemical composition of biodiesel is evaluated through FT-IR spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) measurements.
KW - Box-Behnken design
KW - Heterogeneous catalysis
KW - Sodium Zirconate
KW - Transesterification of triglycerides, Biodiesel
KW - Zinc Oxide
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85134428314&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jece.2022.108191
DO - 10.1016/j.jece.2022.108191
M3 - Artículo
AN - SCOPUS:85134428314
SN - 2213-3437
VL - 10
JO - Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
JF - Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
IS - 4
M1 - 108191
ER -