TY - JOUR
T1 - Urbanization and its impacts on land surface temperature and sea surface temperature in a tourist region in Mexico from 1990 to 2020
T2 - Urbanization and its impacts on land surface temperature and sea surface temperature in a tourist region in Mexico from 1990 to 2020
AU - Sandoval Espinoza, Sarahi
AU - Escobar Flores, Jonathan Gabriel
AU - Badar-Munir, Muhammad
PY - 2023/8/20
Y1 - 2023/8/20
N2 - The United Nations World Tourism Organization has stated that Mexico is the sixth most visited country, with nearly 40 million international tourists. However, tourism can be one of the key contributors to rapid urbanization, contributing to climate change and environmental impacts. One of the tourist areas with the highest urban growth in the Mexican Pacific is Mazatlán, receiving more than 2 million tourists each year. The goal of this study was to analyze urban expansion and its impacts on land surface temperature and sea surface temperature in a tourist region in Mexico from 1990 to 2020. A supervised classification was carried out using the support vector machine algorithm on Landsat images taken over the last 30 years, analyzing the relationship of this growth to land surface temperature (LST). We also analyze whether increases in LST on urban land are related to increases in ocean temperature (SST) adjacent to the city. It was found that in the 1990s the urban area, currently 80 km2, was 25 km2. Urban growth has been exponential, and greater than in some other coastal megacities that have 5 times the population of Mazatlán. The median LST in the 1990s was 30.8 and is currently ∼32.9 °C, but in an analysis of the city's temperatures by pixel we found areas with temperatures as high as 40 °C; e.g., malls and residential developments. These LST values are higher than those reported in other coastal cities located at similar latitudes. Median SST values were between 19.2 and 20.8 °C, so SST was not related to LST. From the 1990s to the 2020s, the city's urban area has grown by 303%. Therefore, LST values in summer could reach 40 °C, which would give this coastal city one of the highest LSTs in the world, with a non-permeable surface that would cause flooding throughout the hotel zone.
AB - The United Nations World Tourism Organization has stated that Mexico is the sixth most visited country, with nearly 40 million international tourists. However, tourism can be one of the key contributors to rapid urbanization, contributing to climate change and environmental impacts. One of the tourist areas with the highest urban growth in the Mexican Pacific is Mazatlán, receiving more than 2 million tourists each year. The goal of this study was to analyze urban expansion and its impacts on land surface temperature and sea surface temperature in a tourist region in Mexico from 1990 to 2020. A supervised classification was carried out using the support vector machine algorithm on Landsat images taken over the last 30 years, analyzing the relationship of this growth to land surface temperature (LST). We also analyze whether increases in LST on urban land are related to increases in ocean temperature (SST) adjacent to the city. It was found that in the 1990s the urban area, currently 80 km2, was 25 km2. Urban growth has been exponential, and greater than in some other coastal megacities that have 5 times the population of Mazatlán. The median LST in the 1990s was 30.8 and is currently ∼32.9 °C, but in an analysis of the city's temperatures by pixel we found areas with temperatures as high as 40 °C; e.g., malls and residential developments. These LST values are higher than those reported in other coastal cities located at similar latitudes. Median SST values were between 19.2 and 20.8 °C, so SST was not related to LST. From the 1990s to the 2020s, the city's urban area has grown by 303%. Therefore, LST values in summer could reach 40 °C, which would give this coastal city one of the highest LSTs in the world, with a non-permeable surface that would cause flooding throughout the hotel zone.
M3 - Artículo
SN - 2352-9385
SP - 1
EP - 30
JO - Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment
JF - Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment
M1 - 1
ER -