TY - JOUR
T1 - Superoxide production, oxidative damage and enzymatic antioxidant defenses in shark skeletal muscle
AU - López-Cruz, Roberto Isaac
AU - Zenteno-Savín, Tania
AU - Galván-Magaña, Felipe
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors wish to thank all the fishermen in Las Barrancas, Punta Lobos and Punta Belcher who allowed us to take samples during their working days. O. Lugo-Lugo and N.O. Olguín-Monroy provided the technical assistance in sample processing and analyzing. Suggestions from JP Vázquez-Medina and two anonymous reviewers helped to improve this manuscript. Sampling trips were financed by CICIMAR (IPN) and sample analysis was supported by CONACYT and CIBNOR. FGM thanks IPN (COFAA and EDI) for fellowships provided.
PY - 2010/5
Y1 - 2010/5
N2 - Pelagic sharks, unlike teleost fish, require constant active swimming to obtain a suitable oxygen (O2) supply. An increase in O2 consumption during exercise enhances production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We hypothesized that shark species that display vigorous exercise, such as Isurus oxyrinchus and Carcharhinus falciformis, have higher ROS production and, in consequence, higher antioxidant enzyme activities in muscle in comparison with species with less active swimming, like Sphyrna zygaena. Superoxide radical (O2•-) production, lipid peroxidation levels (TBARS) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (total, t-SOD; manganese-dependent, Mn-SOD, and copper and zinc-dependent, Cu, Zn-SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR), were measured by spectrophotometric assays in skeletal muscle extracts of three shark species (C. falciformis, I. oxyrinchus and S. zygaena). Higher O2•- production and GPx and GST activities (p < 0.05) were found in C. falciformis and I. oxyrinchus than in S. zygaena. These results suggest that in antioxidant enzymes (GPx, GST) activity suffices to balance the production of ROS and to maintain lower TBARS levels (p < 0.05) than in C. falciformis or S. zygaena, contributing to the capacity of I. oxyrinchus to maintain high muscular activity.
AB - Pelagic sharks, unlike teleost fish, require constant active swimming to obtain a suitable oxygen (O2) supply. An increase in O2 consumption during exercise enhances production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We hypothesized that shark species that display vigorous exercise, such as Isurus oxyrinchus and Carcharhinus falciformis, have higher ROS production and, in consequence, higher antioxidant enzyme activities in muscle in comparison with species with less active swimming, like Sphyrna zygaena. Superoxide radical (O2•-) production, lipid peroxidation levels (TBARS) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (total, t-SOD; manganese-dependent, Mn-SOD, and copper and zinc-dependent, Cu, Zn-SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR), were measured by spectrophotometric assays in skeletal muscle extracts of three shark species (C. falciformis, I. oxyrinchus and S. zygaena). Higher O2•- production and GPx and GST activities (p < 0.05) were found in C. falciformis and I. oxyrinchus than in S. zygaena. These results suggest that in antioxidant enzymes (GPx, GST) activity suffices to balance the production of ROS and to maintain lower TBARS levels (p < 0.05) than in C. falciformis or S. zygaena, contributing to the capacity of I. oxyrinchus to maintain high muscular activity.
KW - Antioxidant enzymes
KW - Carcharhinus falciformis
KW - Isurus oxyrinchus
KW - Oxidative stress
KW - Reactive oxygen species
KW - Sharks
KW - Sphyrna zygaena
KW - Swimming capacity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77649237778&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.12.017
DO - 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.12.017
M3 - Artículo
SN - 1095-6433
VL - 156
SP - 50
EP - 56
JO - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -Part A : Molecular and Integrative Physiology
JF - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -Part A : Molecular and Integrative Physiology
IS - 1
ER -