Sol-gel synthesis and up-conversion luminescence of GdPO₄–Gd₃PO₇:Yb³⁺, Ln³⁺ (Ln = Er, Ho, Tm) phosphor

Engineering & Materials Science

• Monazite 100%
• Ammonium hydroxide 88%
• Luminescence 76%
• Sol-gel process 70%
• Phosphors 68%
• Sol-gels 68%
• Rare earths 64%
• Crystallinity 63%
• Doping (additives) 57%
• Structural properties 56%
• Crystalline materials 54%
• Lighting 41%
• Coatings 38%
• Fabrication 38%
• Color 37%

Physics & Astronomy

• phosphors 50%
• gels 40%
• luminescence 39%
• synthesis 37%
• sol-gel processes 15%
• hydroxides 14%
• illuminating 12%
• crystallinity 11%
• rare earth elements 11%
• color 9%
• coatings 8%
• fabrication 7%
• excitation 6%

Chemistry

• Monoclinic Space Group 38%
• Luminiscence Type 36%
• Green 35%
• Ammonium Hydroxide 30%
• Sol Gel Process 21%
• Crystallinity 19%
• Lanthanoid Atom 19%
• Red 17%
• Coating Agent 15%
• Mixture 11%
• Time 9%