TY - GEN
T1 - Self-synchronous time-domain audio watermarking based on coded-watermarks
AU - Martínez-Noriega, Raúl
AU - Nakano, Mariko
AU - Yamaguchi, Kazuhiko
PY - 2010
Y1 - 2010
N2 - A time-domain audio watermarking algorithm based on low-frequency amplitude modification was proposed by Lie in 2006. The algorithm has acceptable robustness against common attacks and it also achieves synchronization. However Lie's method has two disadvantages: the coded watermark was produced by convolutional codes which are not the best option for very noisy channels like watermarking ones and also, the payload is decremented because the synchronization code. We propose an improvement to Lie's algorithm which solves the problems abovementioned. Our improvement replaces both synchronization code and convolutional code for only a self-synchronous decoding algorithm which uses low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. With this modification, higher payload is obtained because synchronization codes are avoided, and the watermark is more robust due to the LDPC code. The self-synchronous decoding is based on the good cyclically per-mutable (CP) characteristics of LDPC codes. Our improvement is capable to kept in sync with combined attacks, e.g. MP3 and clipping attack or low-pass filtering and clipping attack.
AB - A time-domain audio watermarking algorithm based on low-frequency amplitude modification was proposed by Lie in 2006. The algorithm has acceptable robustness against common attacks and it also achieves synchronization. However Lie's method has two disadvantages: the coded watermark was produced by convolutional codes which are not the best option for very noisy channels like watermarking ones and also, the payload is decremented because the synchronization code. We propose an improvement to Lie's algorithm which solves the problems abovementioned. Our improvement replaces both synchronization code and convolutional code for only a self-synchronous decoding algorithm which uses low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. With this modification, higher payload is obtained because synchronization codes are avoided, and the watermark is more robust due to the LDPC code. The self-synchronous decoding is based on the good cyclically per-mutable (CP) characteristics of LDPC codes. Our improvement is capable to kept in sync with combined attacks, e.g. MP3 and clipping attack or low-pass filtering and clipping attack.
KW - Audio-watermarking
KW - LDPC codes
KW - Synchronization
KW - Time-domain
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=78650427916&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/IIHMSP.2010.41
DO - 10.1109/IIHMSP.2010.41
M3 - Contribución a la conferencia
AN - SCOPUS:78650427916
SN - 9780769542225
T3 - Proceedings - 2010 6th International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, IIHMSP 2010
SP - 135
EP - 138
BT - Proceedings - 2010 6th International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, IIHMSP 2010
T2 - 6th International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, IIHMSP 2010
Y2 - 15 October 2010 through 17 October 2010
ER -