TY - JOUR
T1 - Protective effect of grapefruit juice on the teratogenic and genotoxic damage induced by cadmium in mice
AU - Argüelles, Nancy
AU - Alvarez-González, Isela
AU - Chamorro, Germán
AU - Madrigal-Bujaidar, Eduardo
PY - 2012/10/1
Y1 - 2012/10/1
N2 - In the present study, we injected pregnant mice at Day 7 of gestation with cadmium chloride (CC) (1.5mg/kg) intraperitoneally and determined its effect on the frequency of fetal malformations at Day 17 of pregnancy. On the same day, we also determined the level of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPEs) and of micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes (MNNEs) in blood cells of both the mothers and their fetuses. A significant increase in the number of malformations was found, mainly exencephaly, micrognathia, ablephary, microphthalmia, and clubfoot, as well as a significant increase in the amount of MNPEs and MNNEs. In addition, pregnant mice were administered grapefruit juice (GJ) orally from Days 0 to 17 of the experiment (from 200 to 800μL/g) to evaluate the potential of the juice in preventing the damage induced by CC. We found a dose-dependent decrease in the number of visceral and skeletal malformations, as well as in the number of MNPEs and MNNEs, in both the mothers and their fetuses. Furthermore, we determined the level of DNA oxidation by measuring levels of the adduct 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, and we found a significant increase in such level induced by CC; in contrast, there was a significant decrease when we added GJ. Therefore, the observed teratogenic and genotoxic protection can probably be related with the antioxidant potential of GJ.
AB - In the present study, we injected pregnant mice at Day 7 of gestation with cadmium chloride (CC) (1.5mg/kg) intraperitoneally and determined its effect on the frequency of fetal malformations at Day 17 of pregnancy. On the same day, we also determined the level of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPEs) and of micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes (MNNEs) in blood cells of both the mothers and their fetuses. A significant increase in the number of malformations was found, mainly exencephaly, micrognathia, ablephary, microphthalmia, and clubfoot, as well as a significant increase in the amount of MNPEs and MNNEs. In addition, pregnant mice were administered grapefruit juice (GJ) orally from Days 0 to 17 of the experiment (from 200 to 800μL/g) to evaluate the potential of the juice in preventing the damage induced by CC. We found a dose-dependent decrease in the number of visceral and skeletal malformations, as well as in the number of MNPEs and MNNEs, in both the mothers and their fetuses. Furthermore, we determined the level of DNA oxidation by measuring levels of the adduct 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, and we found a significant increase in such level induced by CC; in contrast, there was a significant decrease when we added GJ. Therefore, the observed teratogenic and genotoxic protection can probably be related with the antioxidant potential of GJ.
KW - cadmium
KW - grapefruit
KW - malformations
KW - micronuclei
KW - protection
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84867324132&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1089/jmf.2012.0023
DO - 10.1089/jmf.2012.0023
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 22876806
SN - 1096-620X
VL - 15
SP - 887
EP - 893
JO - Journal of Medicinal Food
JF - Journal of Medicinal Food
IS - 10
ER -