Probing the Sea of Cosmic Rays by Measuring Gamma-Ray Emission from Passive Giant Molecular Clouds with HAWC

A. Albert; R. Alfaro; C. Alvarez; J. R. Angeles Camacho; J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez; K. P. Arunbabu; D. Avila Rojas; H. A. Ayala Solares; V. Baghmanyan; E. Belmont-Moreno; S. Y. Benzvi; C. Brisbois; K. S. Caballero-Mora; T. Capistrán; A. Carraminana; S. Casanova; U. Cotti; J. Cotzomi; S. Coutino De León; E. De La Fuente; R. Diaz Hernandez; B. L. Dingus; M. A. Duvernois; M. Durocher; J. C. Díaz-Vélez; R. W. Ellsworth; K. Engel; C. Espinoza; K. L. Fan; M. Fernández Alonso; N. Fraija; A. Galván-Gámez; D. Garcia; J. A. García-González; F. Garfias; M. M. González; J. A. Goodman; J. P. Harding; S. Hernandez; B. Hona; D. Huang; F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla; P. Hüntemeyer; A. Iriarte; V. Joshi; D. Kieda; A. Lara; W. H. Lee; J. Lee; H. León Vargas; J. T. Linnemann; A. L. Longinotti; G. Luis-Raya; J. Lundeen; K. Malone; O. Martinez; J. Martínez-Castro; J. A. Matthews; P. Miranda-Romagnoli; J. A. Morales-Soto; E. Moreno; M. Mostafá; A. Nayerhoda; L. Nellen; M. Newbold; M. U. Nisa; R. Noriega-Papaqui; N. Omodei; A. Peisker; Y. Pérez Araujo; E. G. Pérez-Pérez; C. D. Rho; D. Rosa-González; E. Ruiz-Velasco; F. Salesa Greus; A. Sandoval; M. Schneider; J. Serna-Franco; A. J. Smith; R. W. Springer; P. Surajbali; M. Tanner; K. Tollefson; I. Torres; R. Torres-Escobedo; R. Turner; F. Urena-Mena; L. Villasenor; T. Weisgarber; E. Willox; H. Zhou; C. De León

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abfc47

Probing the Sea of Cosmic Rays by Measuring Gamma-Ray Emission from Passive Giant Molecular Clouds with HAWC

A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. R. Angeles Camacho, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K. P. Arunbabu, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, V. Baghmanyan, E. Belmont-Moreno, S. Y. Benzvi, C. Brisbois, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carraminana, S. Casanova, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutino De León, E. De La FuenteR. Diaz Hernandez, B. L. Dingus, M. A. Duvernois, M. Durocher, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, R. W. Ellsworth, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, M. Fernández Alonso, N. Fraija, A. Galván-Gámez, D. Garcia, J. A. García-González, F. Garfias, M. M. González, J. A. Goodman, J. P. Harding, S. Hernandez, B. Hona, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Hüntemeyer, A. Iriarte, V. Joshi, D. Kieda, A. Lara, W. H. Lee, J. Lee, H. León Vargas, J. T. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, J. Lundeen, K. Malone, O. Martinez, J. Martínez-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. A. Morales-Soto, E. Moreno, M. Mostafá, A. Nayerhoda, L. Nellen, M. Newbold, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, N. Omodei, A. Peisker, Y. Pérez Araujo, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-González, E. Ruiz-Velasco, F. Salesa Greus, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, R. W. Springer, P. Surajbali, M. Tanner, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Urena-Mena, L. Villasenor, T. Weisgarber, E. Willox, H. Zhou, C. De León

Centro de Investigación en Computación (CIC)

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Abstract

The study of high-energy gamma rays from passive giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in our Galaxy is an indirect way to characterize and probe the paradigm of the "sea"of cosmic rays in distant parts of the Galaxy. By using data from the High Altitude Water Cerenkov (HAWC) Observatory, we measure the gamma-ray flux above 1 TeV of a set of these clouds to test the paradigm. We selected high galactic latitude clouds that are in HAWC's field of view and that are within 1 kpc distance from the Sun. We find no significant excess emission in the cloud regions, nor when we perform a stacked log-likelihood analysis of GMCs. Using a Bayesian approach, we calculate 95% credible interval upper limits of the gamma-ray flux and estimate limits on the cosmic-ray energy density of these regions. These are the first limits to constrain gamma-ray emission in the multi-TeV energy range (>1 TeV) using passive high galactic latitude GMCs. Assuming that the main gamma-ray production mechanism is due to proton-proton interaction, the upper limits are consistent with a cosmic-ray flux and energy density similar to that measured at Earth.

Original language	English
Article number	106
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	914
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abfc47
State	Published - 20 Jun 2021

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10.3847/1538-4357/abfc47

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Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Angeles Camacho, J. R., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Arunbabu, K. P., Avila Rojas, D., Ayala Solares, H. A., Baghmanyan, V., Belmont-Moreno, E., Benzvi, S. Y., Brisbois, C., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carraminana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., Coutino De León, S., ... De León, C. (2021). Probing the Sea of Cosmic Rays by Measuring Gamma-Ray Emission from Passive Giant Molecular Clouds with HAWC. Astrophysical Journal, 914(2), Article 106. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abfc47

@article{7dee52306815499d80a92109eccf11ac,

title = "Probing the Sea of Cosmic Rays by Measuring Gamma-Ray Emission from Passive Giant Molecular Clouds with HAWC",

abstract = "The study of high-energy gamma rays from passive giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in our Galaxy is an indirect way to characterize and probe the paradigm of the {"}sea{"}of cosmic rays in distant parts of the Galaxy. By using data from the High Altitude Water Cerenkov (HAWC) Observatory, we measure the gamma-ray flux above 1 TeV of a set of these clouds to test the paradigm. We selected high galactic latitude clouds that are in HAWC's field of view and that are within 1 kpc distance from the Sun. We find no significant excess emission in the cloud regions, nor when we perform a stacked log-likelihood analysis of GMCs. Using a Bayesian approach, we calculate 95% credible interval upper limits of the gamma-ray flux and estimate limits on the cosmic-ray energy density of these regions. These are the first limits to constrain gamma-ray emission in the multi-TeV energy range (>1 TeV) using passive high galactic latitude GMCs. Assuming that the main gamma-ray production mechanism is due to proton-proton interaction, the upper limits are consistent with a cosmic-ray flux and energy density similar to that measured at Earth.",

author = "A. Albert and R. Alfaro and C. Alvarez and {Angeles Camacho}, {J. R.} and Arteaga-Vel{\'a}zquez, {J. C.} and Arunbabu, {K. P.} and {Avila Rojas}, D. and {Ayala Solares}, {H. A.} and V. Baghmanyan and E. Belmont-Moreno and Benzvi, {S. Y.} and C. Brisbois and Caballero-Mora, {K. S.} and T. Capistr{\'a}n and A. Carraminana and S. Casanova and U. Cotti and J. Cotzomi and {Coutino De Le{\'o}n}, S. and {De La Fuente}, E. and {Diaz Hernandez}, R. and Dingus, {B. L.} and Duvernois, {M. A.} and M. Durocher and D{\'i}az-V{\'e}lez, {J. C.} and Ellsworth, {R. W.} and K. Engel and C. Espinoza and Fan, {K. L.} and {Fern{\'a}ndez Alonso}, M. and N. Fraija and A. Galv{\'a}n-G{\'a}mez and D. Garcia and Garc{\'i}a-Gonz{\'a}lez, {J. A.} and F. Garfias and Gonz{\'a}lez, {M. M.} and Goodman, {J. A.} and Harding, {J. P.} and S. Hernandez and B. Hona and D. Huang and F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla and P. H{\"u}ntemeyer and A. Iriarte and V. Joshi and D. Kieda and A. Lara and Lee, {W. H.} and J. Lee and {Le{\'o}n Vargas}, H. and Linnemann, {J. T.} and Longinotti, {A. L.} and G. Luis-Raya and J. Lundeen and K. Malone and O. Martinez and J. Mart{\'i}nez-Castro and Matthews, {J. A.} and P. Miranda-Romagnoli and Morales-Soto, {J. A.} and E. Moreno and M. Mostaf{\'a} and A. Nayerhoda and L. Nellen and M. Newbold and Nisa, {M. U.} and R. Noriega-Papaqui and N. Omodei and A. Peisker and {P{\'e}rez Araujo}, Y. and P{\'e}rez-P{\'e}rez, {E. G.} and Rho, {C. D.} and D. Rosa-Gonz{\'a}lez and E. Ruiz-Velasco and {Salesa Greus}, F. and A. Sandoval and M. Schneider and J. Serna-Franco and Smith, {A. J.} and Springer, {R. W.} and P. Surajbali and M. Tanner and K. Tollefson and I. Torres and R. Torres-Escobedo and R. Turner and F. Urena-Mena and L. Villasenor and T. Weisgarber and E. Willox and H. Zhou and {De Le{\'o}n}, C.",

year = "2021",

month = jun,

day = "20",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/abfc47",

language = "Ingl{\'e}s",

volume = "914",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

number = "2",

}

Albert, A, Alfaro, R, Alvarez, C, Angeles Camacho, JR, Arteaga-Velázquez, JC, Arunbabu, KP, Avila Rojas, D, Ayala Solares, HA, Baghmanyan, V, Belmont-Moreno, E, Benzvi, SY, Brisbois, C, Caballero-Mora, KS, Capistrán, T, Carraminana, A, Casanova, S, Cotti, U, Cotzomi, J, Coutino De León, S, De La Fuente, E, Diaz Hernandez, R, Dingus, BL, Duvernois, MA, Durocher, M, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Ellsworth, RW, Engel, K, Espinoza, C, Fan, KL, Fernández Alonso, M, Fraija, N, Galván-Gámez, A, Garcia, D, García-González, JA, Garfias, F, González, MM, Goodman, JA, Harding, JP, Hernandez, S, Hona, B, Huang, D, Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F, Hüntemeyer, P, Iriarte, A, Joshi, V, Kieda, D, Lara, A, Lee, WH, Lee, J, León Vargas, H, Linnemann, JT, Longinotti, AL, Luis-Raya, G, Lundeen, J, Malone, K, Martinez, O, Martínez-Castro, J, Matthews, JA, Miranda-Romagnoli, P, Morales-Soto, JA, Moreno, E, Mostafá, M, Nayerhoda, A, Nellen, L, Newbold, M, Nisa, MU, Noriega-Papaqui, R, Omodei, N, Peisker, A, Pérez Araujo, Y, Pérez-Pérez, EG, Rho, CD, Rosa-González, D, Ruiz-Velasco, E, Salesa Greus, F, Sandoval, A, Schneider, M, Serna-Franco, J, Smith, AJ, Springer, RW, Surajbali, P, Tanner, M, Tollefson, K, Torres, I, Torres-Escobedo, R, Turner, R, Urena-Mena, F, Villasenor, L, Weisgarber, T, Willox, E, Zhou, H & De León, C 2021, 'Probing the Sea of Cosmic Rays by Measuring Gamma-Ray Emission from Passive Giant Molecular Clouds with HAWC', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 914, no. 2, 106. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abfc47

TY - JOUR

T1 - Probing the Sea of Cosmic Rays by Measuring Gamma-Ray Emission from Passive Giant Molecular Clouds with HAWC

AU - Albert, A.

AU - Alfaro, R.

AU - Alvarez, C.

AU - Angeles Camacho, J. R.

AU - Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.

AU - Arunbabu, K. P.

AU - Avila Rojas, D.

AU - Ayala Solares, H. A.

AU - Baghmanyan, V.

AU - Belmont-Moreno, E.

AU - Benzvi, S. Y.

AU - Brisbois, C.

AU - Caballero-Mora, K. S.

AU - Capistrán, T.

AU - Carraminana, A.

AU - Casanova, S.

AU - Cotti, U.

AU - Cotzomi, J.

AU - Coutino De León, S.

AU - De La Fuente, E.

AU - Diaz Hernandez, R.

AU - Dingus, B. L.

AU - Duvernois, M. A.

AU - Durocher, M.

AU - Díaz-Vélez, J. C.

AU - Ellsworth, R. W.

AU - Engel, K.

AU - Espinoza, C.

AU - Fan, K. L.

AU - Fernández Alonso, M.

AU - Fraija, N.

AU - Galván-Gámez, A.

AU - Garcia, D.

AU - García-González, J. A.

AU - Garfias, F.

AU - González, M. M.

AU - Goodman, J. A.

AU - Harding, J. P.

AU - Hernandez, S.

AU - Hona, B.

AU - Huang, D.

AU - Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F.

AU - Hüntemeyer, P.

AU - Iriarte, A.

AU - Joshi, V.

AU - Kieda, D.

AU - Lara, A.

AU - Lee, W. H.

AU - Lee, J.

AU - León Vargas, H.

AU - Linnemann, J. T.

AU - Longinotti, A. L.

AU - Luis-Raya, G.

AU - Lundeen, J.

AU - Malone, K.

AU - Martinez, O.

AU - Martínez-Castro, J.

AU - Matthews, J. A.

AU - Miranda-Romagnoli, P.

AU - Morales-Soto, J. A.

AU - Moreno, E.

AU - Mostafá, M.

AU - Nayerhoda, A.

AU - Nellen, L.

AU - Newbold, M.

AU - Nisa, M. U.

AU - Noriega-Papaqui, R.

AU - Omodei, N.

AU - Peisker, A.

AU - Pérez Araujo, Y.

AU - Pérez-Pérez, E. G.

AU - Rho, C. D.

AU - Rosa-González, D.

AU - Ruiz-Velasco, E.

AU - Salesa Greus, F.

AU - Sandoval, A.

AU - Schneider, M.

AU - Serna-Franco, J.

AU - Smith, A. J.

AU - Springer, R. W.

AU - Surajbali, P.

AU - Tanner, M.

AU - Tollefson, K.

AU - Torres, I.

AU - Torres-Escobedo, R.

AU - Turner, R.

AU - Urena-Mena, F.

AU - Villasenor, L.

AU - Weisgarber, T.

AU - Willox, E.

AU - Zhou, H.

AU - De León, C.

PY - 2021/6/20

Y1 - 2021/6/20

N2 - The study of high-energy gamma rays from passive giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in our Galaxy is an indirect way to characterize and probe the paradigm of the "sea"of cosmic rays in distant parts of the Galaxy. By using data from the High Altitude Water Cerenkov (HAWC) Observatory, we measure the gamma-ray flux above 1 TeV of a set of these clouds to test the paradigm. We selected high galactic latitude clouds that are in HAWC's field of view and that are within 1 kpc distance from the Sun. We find no significant excess emission in the cloud regions, nor when we perform a stacked log-likelihood analysis of GMCs. Using a Bayesian approach, we calculate 95% credible interval upper limits of the gamma-ray flux and estimate limits on the cosmic-ray energy density of these regions. These are the first limits to constrain gamma-ray emission in the multi-TeV energy range (>1 TeV) using passive high galactic latitude GMCs. Assuming that the main gamma-ray production mechanism is due to proton-proton interaction, the upper limits are consistent with a cosmic-ray flux and energy density similar to that measured at Earth.

AB - The study of high-energy gamma rays from passive giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in our Galaxy is an indirect way to characterize and probe the paradigm of the "sea"of cosmic rays in distant parts of the Galaxy. By using data from the High Altitude Water Cerenkov (HAWC) Observatory, we measure the gamma-ray flux above 1 TeV of a set of these clouds to test the paradigm. We selected high galactic latitude clouds that are in HAWC's field of view and that are within 1 kpc distance from the Sun. We find no significant excess emission in the cloud regions, nor when we perform a stacked log-likelihood analysis of GMCs. Using a Bayesian approach, we calculate 95% credible interval upper limits of the gamma-ray flux and estimate limits on the cosmic-ray energy density of these regions. These are the first limits to constrain gamma-ray emission in the multi-TeV energy range (>1 TeV) using passive high galactic latitude GMCs. Assuming that the main gamma-ray production mechanism is due to proton-proton interaction, the upper limits are consistent with a cosmic-ray flux and energy density similar to that measured at Earth.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85109018586&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/abfc47

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/abfc47

M3 - Artículo

AN - SCOPUS:85109018586

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 914

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 2

M1 - 106

ER -

Probing the Sea of Cosmic Rays by Measuring Gamma-Ray Emission from Passive Giant Molecular Clouds with HAWC

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