TY - JOUR
T1 - Polystyrene microplastics mitigate the embryotoxic damage of metformin and guanylurea in Danio rerio
AU - Elizalde-Velázquez, Gustavo Axel
AU - Gómez-Oliván, Leobardo Manuel
AU - García-Medina, Sandra
AU - Hernández-Díaz, Misael
AU - Islas-Flores, Hariz
AU - Galar-Martínez, Marcela
AU - García-Medina, Alba Lucero
AU - Chanona-Pérez, José Jorge
AU - Hernández-Varela, Josué David
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/12/15
Y1 - 2022/12/15
N2 - Microplastics (MPs) alone may endanger the health and fitness of aquatic species through different mechanisms. However, the harmful effects of these when mixed with other emerging contaminants require additional research. Herein, we aimed to determine whether a mixture of MPs with metformin (MET) or guanylurea (GUA) might induce embryotoxicity and oxidative stress in Danio rerio. Upon exposure to mixtures, our results showed MPs reduced the mortality rate of MET and GUA in embryos. Moreover, the severity and the rate of malformations were also decreased in all mixtures with MPs. Concerning oxidative stress, our findings indicated MET, GUA, MPs, and the mixtures increased the levels of lipoperoxidation, hydroperoxide content, and protein carbonyl content in D. rerio larvae. However, the oxidative damage induced in all mixtures was lower than that produced by both drugs alone. Thus, it is likely that the accumulation of MPs avoided the entrance of MET and GUA into the embryos. Once the embryo hatched, MPs did only remain accumulated in the yolk sac of larvae and did not translocate to other organs. Our risk assessment analysis confirmed that MPs shrunk the damage produced by MET and GUA. In a nutshell, MPs mitigate the embryotoxic damage of metformin and guanylurea in D. rerio by blocking their entrance.
AB - Microplastics (MPs) alone may endanger the health and fitness of aquatic species through different mechanisms. However, the harmful effects of these when mixed with other emerging contaminants require additional research. Herein, we aimed to determine whether a mixture of MPs with metformin (MET) or guanylurea (GUA) might induce embryotoxicity and oxidative stress in Danio rerio. Upon exposure to mixtures, our results showed MPs reduced the mortality rate of MET and GUA in embryos. Moreover, the severity and the rate of malformations were also decreased in all mixtures with MPs. Concerning oxidative stress, our findings indicated MET, GUA, MPs, and the mixtures increased the levels of lipoperoxidation, hydroperoxide content, and protein carbonyl content in D. rerio larvae. However, the oxidative damage induced in all mixtures was lower than that produced by both drugs alone. Thus, it is likely that the accumulation of MPs avoided the entrance of MET and GUA into the embryos. Once the embryo hatched, MPs did only remain accumulated in the yolk sac of larvae and did not translocate to other organs. Our risk assessment analysis confirmed that MPs shrunk the damage produced by MET and GUA. In a nutshell, MPs mitigate the embryotoxic damage of metformin and guanylurea in D. rerio by blocking their entrance.
KW - Antidiabetic drug
KW - Embryotoxic effect
KW - Microplastics
KW - Oxidative stress
KW - Zebrafish
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85137272958&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158503
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158503
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 36058320
AN - SCOPUS:85137272958
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 852
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
M1 - 158503
ER -