TY - JOUR
T1 - Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling
T2 - Why?
AU - Pérez-Urizar, José
AU - Granados-Soto, Vinicio
AU - Flores-Murrieta, Francisco J.
AU - Castañeda-Hernández, Gilberto
PY - 2000
Y1 - 2000
N2 - At present, pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling has emerged as a major tool in clinical pharmacology to optimize drug use by designing rational dosage forms and dosage regimes. Quantitative representation of the dose-concentration-response relationship should provide information for prediction of the level of response to a certain level of drug dose. Several mathematical approaches can be used to describe such relationships, depending on the single dose or the steady-state measurements carried out. With concentration and response data on-phase, basic models such as fixed-effect, linear, log-linear, EMAX, and sigmoid EMAX can be sufficient. However, time-variant pharmacodynamic models (effect compartment, acute tolerance, sensitization, and indirect responses) can be required when kinetics and response are out-of-phase. To date, methodologies available for PK-PD analysis barely suppose the use of powerful computing resources. Some of these algorithms are able to generate individual estimates of parameters based on population analysis and Bayesian forecasting. Notwithstanding, attention must be paid to avoid overinterpreted data from mathematical models, so that reliability and clinical significance of estimated parameters will be valuable when underlying physiologic processes (disease, age, gender, etc.) are considered.
AB - At present, pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling has emerged as a major tool in clinical pharmacology to optimize drug use by designing rational dosage forms and dosage regimes. Quantitative representation of the dose-concentration-response relationship should provide information for prediction of the level of response to a certain level of drug dose. Several mathematical approaches can be used to describe such relationships, depending on the single dose or the steady-state measurements carried out. With concentration and response data on-phase, basic models such as fixed-effect, linear, log-linear, EMAX, and sigmoid EMAX can be sufficient. However, time-variant pharmacodynamic models (effect compartment, acute tolerance, sensitization, and indirect responses) can be required when kinetics and response are out-of-phase. To date, methodologies available for PK-PD analysis barely suppose the use of powerful computing resources. Some of these algorithms are able to generate individual estimates of parameters based on population analysis and Bayesian forecasting. Notwithstanding, attention must be paid to avoid overinterpreted data from mathematical models, so that reliability and clinical significance of estimated parameters will be valuable when underlying physiologic processes (disease, age, gender, etc.) are considered.
KW - Data analysis
KW - PK-PD modeling
KW - Pharmacodynamics
KW - Pharmacokinetics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0034464611&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S0188-4409(00)00242-3
DO - 10.1016/S0188-4409(00)00242-3
M3 - Artículo de revisión
SN - 0188-4409
VL - 31
SP - 539
EP - 545
JO - Archives of Medical Research
JF - Archives of Medical Research
IS - 6
ER -