Phagocytosis in leprosy. III. Defective adhesive and endocytic abilities of circulating leukocytes in lepromatous leprosy

Two aspects of the phagocytic process in normal and lepromatous polymorphonuclears (PMN) and monocytes (MN) were studied. These aspects were endocytosis and adherence to surfaces. These 2 phenomena are closely related to each other and to the whole phagocytic process as they depend on membrane activity. It was found that both lepromatous phagocytes (PMN and MN) show, on the average, a depressed ability to endocytose opsonized Mycobacterium lepraemurium when compared to normal phagocytes. This impairment, however, does not seem to be related to intrinsic defects in the phagocytic cells themselves but to the presence in lepromatous serum of factors that interfere with the endocytic function. This conclusion was drawn from the fact that lepromatous serum causes a similar diminution in the endocytic ability of normal phagocytes. On the other hand, lepromatous plasma but not indeterminate leprosy nor normal plasmas interfere with the capacity of PMN leukocytes to adhere in vitro to plastic surfaces. These impairments in the phagocytic function might help to better understand the depressed overall inflammatory responses observed in vivo in lepromatous patients with a long-lasting disease.