TY - JOUR
T1 - Paenibacillus polymyxa NMA1017 as a potential biocontrol agent of Phytophthora tropicalis, causal agent of cacao black pod rot in Chiapas, Mexico
AU - Chávez-Ramírez, Belén
AU - Rodríguez-Velázquez, Nadia Denisse
AU - Mondragón-Talonia, Cecilia Melisa
AU - Avendaño-Arrazate, Carlos Hugo
AU - Martínez-Bolaños, Misael
AU - Vásquez-Murrieta, María Soledad
AU - Estrada de los Santos, Paulina
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
PY - 2021/1
Y1 - 2021/1
N2 - Cacao represents an important source of income for farmers in the south of Mexico. However, phytosanitary problems have disrupted the production over the years. The use of antagonistic microorganisms as biocontrol agents might improve the production of cacao. In this study, Paenibacillus polymyxa NMA1017, isolated from the rhizosphere of Opuntia ficus-indica L., was used as a biocontrol agent for black pod rot of Theobroma cacao L. cultivated in Chiapas, Mexico. The experiments were carried in vitro and in vivo using pear fruit (Pyrous communis) as model and cacao pods in the field, respectively. The effect of NMA1017 on the phytopathogen was observed by electron microscopy and the production of enzymes was tested as a potential mechanism of action. The bacterium inhibited the radial growth of Phytophthora tropicalis PtCa-14 by 85.9 ± 0.12%. The strain NMA1017 affected mycelial development, as observed by the damage to the cell wall of the oomycete. In pear fruit, the biocontrol agent controlled the production of mycelium on the pear fruit surface, indicating an inhibitory effect exerted. Cacao pods infected with P. tropicalis in the field resulted in a reduction in disease incidence from 86 to 33% and in infection from 68 to 6%. Moreover, strain NMA1017 produced hydrolytic enzymes such as cellulases, xylanases, chitinases and proteases. The results obtained highlight P. polymyxa NMA1017 as an organism of interest for the biocontrol of P. tropicalis, as a method to rescue this important crop in Mexico.
AB - Cacao represents an important source of income for farmers in the south of Mexico. However, phytosanitary problems have disrupted the production over the years. The use of antagonistic microorganisms as biocontrol agents might improve the production of cacao. In this study, Paenibacillus polymyxa NMA1017, isolated from the rhizosphere of Opuntia ficus-indica L., was used as a biocontrol agent for black pod rot of Theobroma cacao L. cultivated in Chiapas, Mexico. The experiments were carried in vitro and in vivo using pear fruit (Pyrous communis) as model and cacao pods in the field, respectively. The effect of NMA1017 on the phytopathogen was observed by electron microscopy and the production of enzymes was tested as a potential mechanism of action. The bacterium inhibited the radial growth of Phytophthora tropicalis PtCa-14 by 85.9 ± 0.12%. The strain NMA1017 affected mycelial development, as observed by the damage to the cell wall of the oomycete. In pear fruit, the biocontrol agent controlled the production of mycelium on the pear fruit surface, indicating an inhibitory effect exerted. Cacao pods infected with P. tropicalis in the field resulted in a reduction in disease incidence from 86 to 33% and in infection from 68 to 6%. Moreover, strain NMA1017 produced hydrolytic enzymes such as cellulases, xylanases, chitinases and proteases. The results obtained highlight P. polymyxa NMA1017 as an organism of interest for the biocontrol of P. tropicalis, as a method to rescue this important crop in Mexico.
KW - Black pod rot
KW - Paenibacillus polymyxa
KW - Phytophthora tropicalis
KW - Theobroma cacao
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85096449443&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10482-020-01498-z
DO - 10.1007/s10482-020-01498-z
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 33230721
AN - SCOPUS:85096449443
SN - 0003-6072
VL - 114
SP - 55
EP - 68
JO - Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology
JF - Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology
IS - 1
ER -