TY - JOUR
T1 - Hepatobiliary diseases and insulin resistance
AU - Méndez-Sánchez, Nahum
AU - Chávez-Tapia, Noberto C.
AU - Zamora-Valdés, D.
AU - Medina-Santillán, Roberto
AU - Uribe, Misael
PY - 2007/8
Y1 - 2007/8
N2 - In recent years, there has been an increasing prevalence of obesity and related diseases. This epidemiological change has increased the interest of researchers in the molecular and biochemical pathways involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic and biliary diseases. Insulin resistance is considered the major mechanism involved in the hepatic and biliary manifestations of obesity. Epidemiological, clinical, and basic research demonstrates that insulin resistance is associated with gallstone disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and poor outcomes in viral hepatitis C treatments. Fascinating experimental evidence demonstrates that fat-induced hepatic insulin resistance may result from the activation of kinases leading to impaired insulin signaling. The insulin-resistant state is characterized by a failure to suppress hepatic glucose production and glycogenolysis, with enhanced fat accumulation in hepatocytes because of increased lipolysis, increased free fatty acid uptake by hepatocytes, and increased hepatic synthesis of triglycerides. This molecular signaling induces a low-grade chronic inflammatory state, characterized by increased levels of proinflammatory molecules and acute-phase proteins. This review summarizes the most important molecular and biochemical issues in the hepatic and biliary diseases associated with insulin resistance.
AB - In recent years, there has been an increasing prevalence of obesity and related diseases. This epidemiological change has increased the interest of researchers in the molecular and biochemical pathways involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic and biliary diseases. Insulin resistance is considered the major mechanism involved in the hepatic and biliary manifestations of obesity. Epidemiological, clinical, and basic research demonstrates that insulin resistance is associated with gallstone disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and poor outcomes in viral hepatitis C treatments. Fascinating experimental evidence demonstrates that fat-induced hepatic insulin resistance may result from the activation of kinases leading to impaired insulin signaling. The insulin-resistant state is characterized by a failure to suppress hepatic glucose production and glycogenolysis, with enhanced fat accumulation in hepatocytes because of increased lipolysis, increased free fatty acid uptake by hepatocytes, and increased hepatic synthesis of triglycerides. This molecular signaling induces a low-grade chronic inflammatory state, characterized by increased levels of proinflammatory molecules and acute-phase proteins. This review summarizes the most important molecular and biochemical issues in the hepatic and biliary diseases associated with insulin resistance.
KW - Gallstone disease
KW - Hepatocellular carcinoma
KW - Insulin resistance
KW - Metabolic syndrome
KW - Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
KW - Obesity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=34547692946&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2174/092986707781368540
DO - 10.2174/092986707781368540
M3 - Artículo de revisión
SN - 0929-8673
VL - 14
SP - 1988
EP - 1999
JO - Current Medicinal Chemistry
JF - Current Medicinal Chemistry
IS - 18
ER -