Elaboration and characterization of Gd₂O₃ waveguiding thin films prepared by the sol-gel process

Engineering & Materials Science

• Gadolinium 100%
• Sol-gel process 94%
• Thin films 65%
• Oxides 35%
• Infrared spectroscopy 18%
• Raman spectroscopy 18%
• Differential thermal analysis 17%
• Optical properties 17%
• Oxide films 17%
• Toluene 16%
• Crystallization 15%
• Annealing 13%
• X ray diffraction 13%
• Coatings 10%
• Temperature 5%

Physics & Astronomy

• sol-gel processes 82%
• gadolinium 77%
• characterization 38%
• thin films 35%
• oxides 25%
• acetylacetone 22%
• toluene 15%
• thermal analysis 13%
• coating 12%
• infrared spectroscopy 12%
• oxide films 12%
• Raman spectroscopy 11%
• crystallization 10%
• optical properties 9%
• annealing 8%
• configurations 7%
• diffraction 7%
• x rays 6%
• temperature 4%

Chemistry

• Sol Gel Process 56%
• Oxide 30%
• Liquid Film 20%
• Acetylacetone 15%
• Differential Thermal Analysis 13%
• Annealing 10%
• Raman Spectroscopy 10%
• Toluene 10%
• Optical Property 10%
• Crystallization 9%
• IR Spectroscopy 9%
• Coating Agent 8%
• Purity 7%