TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of (−)-epicatechin on frontal cortex DAPC and dysbindin of the mdx mice
AU - Estrada-Mena, Francisco J.
AU - Rodriguez, Alonso
AU - Mendoza-Lorenzo, Patricia
AU - Neri-Gomez, Teresa
AU - Manjarrez-Gutierrez, Gabriel
AU - Perez-Ortiz, Andric C.
AU - Ordonez-Razo, Rosa
AU - Ceballos, Guillermo
AU - Villarreal, Francisco
AU - Ramirez-Sanchez, Israel
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2017/9/29
Y1 - 2017/9/29
N2 - Introduction Multiple components of the dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC) are expressed in numerous tissues including the brain. Members of the DAPC and dysbindin are abnormally expressed in the brain of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) patients, which has been associated with cognitive impairments. However, little is known about the expression pattern of individual members of the DAPC in animal models of DMD and their relationship with dysbindin. Methods Ten mdx mice were randomly allocated into a control and intervention group [(−)-epicatechin (Epi) 1 mg/kg/day for four weeks] and results compared to a wild-type mice. After sacrifice, brain pre-frontal cortices were collected for Western blotting and immunoprecipitation assays, and sagittal sections processed for immunohistochemistry. Results Epi promotes a partial recovery of DAPC members [α1-Syntrophin, sarcoglycans (SG), dystrophin 71 (Dp71)], dysbindin, and utrophin protein levels. Epi also appears to restore the association of DAPC between dysbindin, and utrophin with Dp71 and ε-SG. Co-immunostaining evidence increased protein levels of dysbindin, dystrophin, and ε-SG and their colocalization. Conclusions Altogether, results suggest that Epi is capable of restoring pre-frontal cortex DAPC and dysbindin levels of mdx mice towards that of healthy brains. The functional implications of such studies warrant further investigation.
AB - Introduction Multiple components of the dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC) are expressed in numerous tissues including the brain. Members of the DAPC and dysbindin are abnormally expressed in the brain of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) patients, which has been associated with cognitive impairments. However, little is known about the expression pattern of individual members of the DAPC in animal models of DMD and their relationship with dysbindin. Methods Ten mdx mice were randomly allocated into a control and intervention group [(−)-epicatechin (Epi) 1 mg/kg/day for four weeks] and results compared to a wild-type mice. After sacrifice, brain pre-frontal cortices were collected for Western blotting and immunoprecipitation assays, and sagittal sections processed for immunohistochemistry. Results Epi promotes a partial recovery of DAPC members [α1-Syntrophin, sarcoglycans (SG), dystrophin 71 (Dp71)], dysbindin, and utrophin protein levels. Epi also appears to restore the association of DAPC between dysbindin, and utrophin with Dp71 and ε-SG. Co-immunostaining evidence increased protein levels of dysbindin, dystrophin, and ε-SG and their colocalization. Conclusions Altogether, results suggest that Epi is capable of restoring pre-frontal cortex DAPC and dysbindin levels of mdx mice towards that of healthy brains. The functional implications of such studies warrant further investigation.
KW - DAPC
KW - DMD
KW - DTNBP1
KW - Dystrophins
KW - Flavonoids
KW - Frontal lobe
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85028552595&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.08.056
DO - 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.08.056
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 28855126
SN - 0304-3940
VL - 658
SP - 142
EP - 149
JO - Neuroscience Letters
JF - Neuroscience Letters
ER -