TY - JOUR
T1 - Distribution coefficient and metal pollution index in water and sediments
T2 - Proposal of a new index for ecological risk assessment of metals
AU - Sedeño-Díaz, Jacinto Elías
AU - López-López, Eugenia
AU - Mendoza-Martínez, Erick
AU - Rodríguez-Romero, Alexis Joseph
AU - Morales-García, Sandra Soledad
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by the authors.
PY - 2020/1/1
Y1 - 2020/1/1
N2 - The Lake of Texcoco is a closed basin with soils that confer salinity, conductivity, and alkalinity to it. It has undergone a reduction in size, incorporation of wastewater, and short-term desiccation, and includes temporary wetlands interconnected during the rainy season, some of which receive treated wastewater. Sediments contain metals, thus affecting water quality. Five artificial lakes were studied, and 12 metals (As, Ba, Cd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mn, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were monitored bimonthly in water and sediments from June 2015 to March 2018. The Metal Pollution Index (MPI) and the Distribution Coefficient (Kd) were computed. Fe and Cd were the most and least stable metals in sediments, respectively (mean Log(Kd) = 4.24 and 2.079). Based on Log(Kd), metals were ranked as Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Mg > Cr > Ni > Ba > Pb > Hg > As > Cd. Log(Kd) values < 3 and > 5 indicate that metals occur mainly in water and sediments, respectively. The Mean Distribution Coefficient Log(Kd MPI) is a novel index proposed to assess ecological risk from metals in a water body. This index allows determining the phase (liquid or solid) where metals predominate, negatively affecting either free-swimming or benthic organisms. Log(Kd MPI) values indicated that metals occur primarily in the liquid phase in all lakes studied.
AB - The Lake of Texcoco is a closed basin with soils that confer salinity, conductivity, and alkalinity to it. It has undergone a reduction in size, incorporation of wastewater, and short-term desiccation, and includes temporary wetlands interconnected during the rainy season, some of which receive treated wastewater. Sediments contain metals, thus affecting water quality. Five artificial lakes were studied, and 12 metals (As, Ba, Cd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mn, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were monitored bimonthly in water and sediments from June 2015 to March 2018. The Metal Pollution Index (MPI) and the Distribution Coefficient (Kd) were computed. Fe and Cd were the most and least stable metals in sediments, respectively (mean Log(Kd) = 4.24 and 2.079). Based on Log(Kd), metals were ranked as Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Mg > Cr > Ni > Ba > Pb > Hg > As > Cd. Log(Kd) values < 3 and > 5 indicate that metals occur mainly in water and sediments, respectively. The Mean Distribution Coefficient Log(Kd MPI) is a novel index proposed to assess ecological risk from metals in a water body. This index allows determining the phase (liquid or solid) where metals predominate, negatively affecting either free-swimming or benthic organisms. Log(Kd MPI) values indicated that metals occur primarily in the liquid phase in all lakes studied.
KW - Aquatic risk management tool
KW - Lake of texcoco system
KW - Mexico
KW - Saline lakes
KW - Sediments
KW - Water column
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079483646&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/w12010029
DO - 10.3390/w12010029
M3 - Artículo
SN - 2073-4441
VL - 12
JO - Water (Switzerland)
JF - Water (Switzerland)
IS - 1
M1 - 29
ER -