Diseño de un sistema de control pasivo tolerante a fallos en sensores para una pila de combustible modelada con un modelo lineal por tramos

OThis paper describes the design of a passive fault tolerant control for sensor temperature and pressure of a fuel cell type Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM-FC, for its acronym in English) is presented. The fault tolerant control is based on analytical redundancy using piecewise linear models (PWL, for its acronym in English) previously designed for a region of operation at steady state. The PEM-FC is modeled by a thermodynamic model and an electric model. The electrical model describing the dynamic behavior of the voltage generated by the PEM-FC and the thermodynamic model describing the dynamics of the temperature and pressure of the PEM-FC. Due to the dynamic nature of hybrid having the fuel cell and which works on set operating points, the linear systems approach is used for modeling piecewise stack. For the design of these systems they were developed different polytope (for regulating the voltage to the compressor motor, for regulating temperature and pressure of the PEM-FC) in order to ensure stability of the system even with the presence of faults. In this paper a law of feedback control outputs where the controlled variables is the battery voltage and temperature of the battery is used, the controller gains were calculated for each linear model of the battery at different points of operation, steady state, without failure and in the presence of faults. The control gains may change according to law in terms of the desired switching off the battery or sensor failure occurs where the voltage. The fault tolerant control scheme proposed for the PEM-FC is based on the Lyapunov stability theory in the formulation of Linear Matrix Inequalities.