@inproceedings{4775dc84aa0c4332b25a5124e6f315ac,
title = "Determination of the degree of oxidation of molten copper using an electrochemical cell",
abstract = "A sensor employing yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) was used to determine the oxygen activity of molten copper at laboratory scale at temperatures of 1200° and 1300°C. The reference electrode was a Ni-NiO mixture. The amount of the deoxidizing agent (Cu3P) ranged from 1 to 3% of the mass of copper. Thermodynamic analysis of the Cu-O-P liquid system was carried out to predict the required deoxidizing agent and the final composition of the molten copper. Both results, calculated and experimental, show that the oxygen removal is more efficient at lower temperatures. The kinetics of the deoxidizing reaction is very fast in the first minutes of the treatment. A metalography analysis of rapid cooled samples show the oxygen and phosphorus distribution.",
author = "V{\'a}zquez, {J. Alberto} and Romero, {Antonio S.} and Garc{\'i}a, {Mario A.} and Gonz{\'a}lez, {Samuel L.} and Araujo, {Jorge O.}",
year = "2003",
language = "Ingl{\'e}s",
isbn = "0873395468",
series = "Yazawa International Symposium: Metallurgical and Materials Processing: Principles and Techologies; Materials Processing Fundamentals and New Technologies",
pages = "187--196",
editor = "F. Kongoli and K. Itagaki and C. Yamauchi and H.Y. Sohn and F. Kongoli and K. Itagaki and C. Yamauchi and H.Y. Sohn",
booktitle = "Yazawa International Symposium",
note = "Yazawa International Symposium: Metallurgical and Materials Processing: Principles and Technologies; Materials Processing Fundamentals and New Technologies ; Conference date: 02-03-2003 Through 06-03-2003",
}