Abstract
Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 167-175 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | IMA Fungus |
| Volume | 9 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2018 |
Keywords
- IMC11 nomenclature
- Speciation
- Taxonomy
- Typification
- Voucherless fungi
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In: IMA Fungus, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2018, p. 167-175.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Considerations and consequences of allowing DNA sequence data as types of fungal taxa
AU - Zamora, Juan Carlos
AU - Svensson, Måns
AU - Kirschner, Roland
AU - Olariaga, Ibai
AU - Ryman, Svengunnar
AU - Parra, Luis Alberto
AU - Geml, József
AU - Rosling, Anna
AU - Adamčík, Slavomír
AU - Ahti, Teuvo
AU - Aime, M. Catherine
AU - Ainsworth, A. Martyn
AU - Albert, László
AU - Albertó, Edgardo
AU - García, Alberto Altés
AU - Ageev, Dmitry
AU - Agerer, Reinhard
AU - Aguirre-Hudson, Begoña
AU - Ammirati, Joe
AU - Andersson, Harry
AU - Angelini, Claudio
AU - Antonín, Vladimír
AU - Aoki, Takayuki
AU - Aptroot, André
AU - Argaud, Didier
AU - Sosa, Blanca Imelda Arguello
AU - Aronsen, Arne
AU - Arup, Ulf
AU - Asgari, Bita
AU - Assyov, Boris
AU - Atienza, Violeta
AU - Bandini, Ditte
AU - Baptista-Ferreira, João Luís
AU - Baral, Hans Otto
AU - Baroni, Tim
AU - Barreto, Robert Weingart
AU - Beker, Henry
AU - Bell, Ann
AU - Bellanger, Jean Michel
AU - Bellù, Francesco
AU - Bemmann, Martin
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AU - Bendiksen, Egil
AU - Bendiksen, Katriina
AU - Benedek, Lajos
AU - Bérešová-Guttová, Anna
AU - Berger, Franz
AU - Berndt, Reinhard
AU - Bernicchia, Annarosa
AU - Biketova, Alona Yu
AU - Bizio, Enrico
AU - Bjork, Curtis
AU - Boekhout, Teun
AU - Boertmann, David
AU - Böhning, Tanja
AU - Boittin, Florent
AU - Boluda, Carlos G.
AU - Boomsluiter, Menno W.
AU - Borovička, Jan
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AU - Braun, Uwe
AU - Brodo, Irwin
AU - Bulyonkova, Tatiana
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AU - Buyck, Bart
AU - Burgaz, Ana Rosa
AU - Calatayud, Vicent
AU - Callac, Philippe
AU - Campo, Emanuele
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AU - Castañeda-Ruiz, Rafael F.
AU - Castellano, Michael A.
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AU - da Silva, Gladstone Alves
AU - da Silva, Meiriele
AU - Dam, Marjo
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AU - Dämmrich, Frank
AU - Das, Kanad
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AU - De Crop, Eske
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AU - Demoulin, Vincent
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AU - Diederich, Paul
AU - Dima, Bálint
AU - Dios, Maria Martha
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AU - Malysheva, Ekaterina
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AU - Marson, Guy
AU - Mata, Gerardo
AU - Matheny, P. Brandon
AU - Mathiassen, Geir Harald
AU - Matocec, Neven
AU - Mayrhofer, Helmut
AU - Mehrabi, Mehdi
AU - Melo, Ireneia
AU - Mešic, Armin
AU - Methven, Andrew S.
AU - Miettinen, Otto
AU - Romero, Ana M.Millanes
AU - Miller, Andrew N.
AU - Mitchell, James K.
AU - Moberg, Roland
AU - Moreau, Pierre Arthur
AU - Moreno, Gabriel
AU - Morozova, Olga
AU - Morte, Asunción
AU - Muggia, Lucia
AU - González, Guillermo Muñoz
AU - Myllys, Leena
AU - Nagy, István
AU - Nagy, László G.
AU - Neves, Maria Alice
AU - Niemelä, Tuomo
AU - Nimis, Pier Luigi
AU - Niveiro, Nicolas
AU - Noordeloos, Machiel E.
AU - Nordin, Anders
AU - Noumeur, Sara Raouia
AU - Novozhilov, Yuri
AU - Nuytinck, Jorinde
AU - Ohenoja, Esteri
AU - Fiuza, Patricia Oliveira
AU - Orange, Alan
AU - Ordynets, Alexander
AU - Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz
AU - Pacheco, Leticia
AU - Pál-Fám, Ferenc
AU - Palacio, Melissa
AU - Palice, Zdenek
AU - Papp, Viktor
AU - Pärtel, Kadri
AU - Pawlowska, Julia
AU - Paz, Aurelia
AU - Peintner, Ursula
AU - Pennycook, Shaun
AU - Pereira, Olinto Liparini
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AU - Capella, Miquel À.Pérez De Gregorio
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AU - Pérez-Vargas, Israel
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AU - Piatek, Marcin
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AU - Pino-Bodas, Raquel
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AU - Pirot, Paul
AU - Popov, Eugene S.
AU - Popoff, Orlando
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AU - Stadler, Marc
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AU - Suija, Ave
AU - Sunhede, Stellan
AU - Svantesson, Sten
AU - Svensson, Sigvard
AU - Svetasheva, Tatyana Yu
AU - Swierkosz, Krzysztof
AU - Tamm, Heidi
AU - Taskin, Hatira
AU - Taudière, Adrien
AU - Tedebrand, Jan Olof
AU - Lahoz, Raúl Tena
AU - Temina, Marina
AU - Thell, Arne
AU - Thines, Marco
AU - Thor, Göran
AU - Thüs, Holger
AU - Tibell, Leif
AU - Tibell, Sanja
AU - Timdal, Einar
AU - Tkalcec, Zdenko
AU - Tønsberg, Tor
AU - Trichies, Gérard
AU - Triebel, Dagmar
AU - Tsurykau, Andrei
AU - Tulloss, Rodham E.
AU - Tuovinen, Veera
AU - Sosa, Miguel Ulloa
AU - Urcelay, Carlos
AU - Valade, François
AU - Valenzuela Garza, Ricardo
AU - Boom, Pieter van den
AU - Vooren, Nicolas Van
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AU - Verbeken, Annemieke
AU - Vetlesen, Per
AU - Vizzini, Alfredo
AU - Voglmayr, Hermann
AU - Volobuev, Sergey
AU - von Brackel, Wolfgang
AU - Voronina, Elena
AU - Walther, Grit
AU - Watling, Roy
AU - Weber, Evi
AU - Wedin, Mats
AU - Weholt, Øyvind
AU - Westberg, Martin
AU - Yurchenko, Eugene
AU - Zehnálek, Petr
AU - Zhang, Huang
AU - Zhurbenko, Mikhail P.
AU - Ekman, Stefan
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2018 International Mycological Association.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.
AB - Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.
KW - IMC11 nomenclature
KW - Speciation
KW - Taxonomy
KW - Typification
KW - Voucherless fungi
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85052309383&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.5598/imafungus.2018.09.01.10
DO - 10.5598/imafungus.2018.09.01.10
M3 - Artículo
SN - 2210-6340
VL - 9
SP - 167
EP - 175
JO - IMA Fungus
JF - IMA Fungus
IS - 1
ER -