TY - JOUR
T1 - 2-Guanidinobenzazoles as Building Blocks to Afford Biologically Active Derivatives
AU - Rosales-Hernández, Martha Cecilia
AU - Cruz, Alejandro
AU - Mendieta-Wejebe, Jessica Elena
AU - Tamay-Cach, Feliciano
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Bentham Science Publishers.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - 1,3-Benzazoles (BZs) are interesting compounds in medicinal chemistry. For instance, compounds with the BZ nucleus exhibit diverse biological activities and some of them are broadly utilized in clinical applications. In this sense, medicinal chemists aim at the development of new procedures to synthesize these kinds of molecules. The 2-aminobenzimidazole 2ABI derivatives, such as Enviradine (antiviral), Astemizole (antihistaminic), and Albendazole (antimicrobial), which contain the intra-cyclic guanidine nucleus, are used in medicinal chemistry. The guanidine group, considered a super base, when bonded to a benzazole ring, results in the 2-guanidinobenzazoles (2GBZs), modifying the biological activity of these heterocycles. The structure of 2GBZs is of significance as the 10-π electron system of the aromatic benzazole ring is conjugated with the exocyclic guanidine group to acquire a planar delocalized structure. This class of molecules has at least four nitrogen atoms with free lone pairs and four labile hydrogen atoms, resulting in these compounds having amphoteric character. On the other hand, synthetic chemists have used 2GBZs as a building block to produce derivatives as medicinally important molecules. On these bases, in this work, we prepared a bibliographic review of the methodologies reported in the literature used in the synthesis of 2GBZ derivatives of pharmacological interest. We focused the investigation on 2-guanidinebenzoxazol (2GBO), 2-guanidinebenzothiazol (2GBT) and 2-guanidinebenzimidazole (2GBI) as building blocks. We found that compounds derivatives were N-substituted-2GBZs, 2-(pyrimidyl)-ABZs and 1,3,5-triazino[1,2-a]-BZs, which are described chronologically. This work will help searchers related to bioorganic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical industry in the recent methodologies to synthetize 2-guanidinobenzazole derivatives to be proposed as materials in the different areas. This topic will provide information on the utility for medicinal chemists dedicated to the design and synthesis of this class of compounds to be tested with respect to their biological activities and be proposed as new pharmacophores.
AB - 1,3-Benzazoles (BZs) are interesting compounds in medicinal chemistry. For instance, compounds with the BZ nucleus exhibit diverse biological activities and some of them are broadly utilized in clinical applications. In this sense, medicinal chemists aim at the development of new procedures to synthesize these kinds of molecules. The 2-aminobenzimidazole 2ABI derivatives, such as Enviradine (antiviral), Astemizole (antihistaminic), and Albendazole (antimicrobial), which contain the intra-cyclic guanidine nucleus, are used in medicinal chemistry. The guanidine group, considered a super base, when bonded to a benzazole ring, results in the 2-guanidinobenzazoles (2GBZs), modifying the biological activity of these heterocycles. The structure of 2GBZs is of significance as the 10-π electron system of the aromatic benzazole ring is conjugated with the exocyclic guanidine group to acquire a planar delocalized structure. This class of molecules has at least four nitrogen atoms with free lone pairs and four labile hydrogen atoms, resulting in these compounds having amphoteric character. On the other hand, synthetic chemists have used 2GBZs as a building block to produce derivatives as medicinally important molecules. On these bases, in this work, we prepared a bibliographic review of the methodologies reported in the literature used in the synthesis of 2GBZ derivatives of pharmacological interest. We focused the investigation on 2-guanidinebenzoxazol (2GBO), 2-guanidinebenzothiazol (2GBT) and 2-guanidinebenzimidazole (2GBI) as building blocks. We found that compounds derivatives were N-substituted-2GBZs, 2-(pyrimidyl)-ABZs and 1,3,5-triazino[1,2-a]-BZs, which are described chronologically. This work will help searchers related to bioorganic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical industry in the recent methodologies to synthetize 2-guanidinobenzazole derivatives to be proposed as materials in the different areas. This topic will provide information on the utility for medicinal chemists dedicated to the design and synthesis of this class of compounds to be tested with respect to their biological activities and be proposed as new pharmacophores.
KW - 2-(imidazolyl)ABZs
KW - 2-(pyrimidyl)ABZs
KW - 2-a]BZs
KW - 2-guanidinobenzazoles
KW - N-substituted-2GBZs
KW - cyclocondensation reaction
KW - striazino[1
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85160951208&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2174/1385272827666230217105411
DO - 10.2174/1385272827666230217105411
M3 - Artículo de revisión
AN - SCOPUS:85160951208
SN - 1385-2728
VL - 27
SP - 38
EP - 54
JO - Current Organic Chemistry
JF - Current Organic Chemistry
IS - 1
ER -