Effects of EMBr position, mould curvature and slide gate on fluid flow of steel in slab mould

Influences of mould curvature, slide gate, electromagnetic brake (EMBr) position and magnetic forces on steel flow in a slab mould were studied using a mathematical model. Positions of the EMBr include magnets at the same level as the discharging ports of the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) and magnets below the SEN tip. The slide gate induces a biased flow. Regarding the EMBr in the first position, it was found that increasing the magnetic flux density leads to rises of the discharging jets and the elimination of the two upper roll flows with lower roll flows with smaller velocities. In the case of the second position, the EMBr eliminates the effects of the biased flow in the meniscus velocity profile and induces a downward uniform flow eliminating the lower roll flow. In either case, the magnetic flux density does not affect the velocity profile in the discharging ports in the SEN.