TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of chitosan and oligochitosan on development and mitochondrial function of Rhizopus stolonifer
AU - Robles-Martínez, Leobarda
AU - Guerra-Sánchez, María Guadalupe
AU - Hernández-Lauzardo, Ana Niurka
AU - Pardo, Juan Pablo
AU - Velázquez-del Valle, Miguel Gerardo
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - The antifungal activities of chitosan and oligochitosan have been used to control postharvest decay of the fruits. The effect of chitosan and oligochitosan on mycelium growth, spore germination, and mitochondrial function of Rhizopus stolonifer was evaluated in order to establish a connection between fungus development and the main organelle in charge to provide energy to the cell. The mycelium growth of R. stolonifer was significantly reduced on minimum media amended with chitosan or oligochitosan. The highest antifungal indexes were obtained on media containing chitosan or oligochitosan at 2.0mgml-1. Microscopic observation showed that chitosan and oligochitosan affected the spore germination and hyphae morphology. Both polymers increased oxygen consumption of R. stolonifer. Respiratory activity was restored with NADH in permeabilized treated and untreated cells, and was inhibited with rotenone and flavones. Complex III and IV were inhibited by antimycin A and cyanide, respectively, in treated and untreated cells. Chitosan and oligochitosan increased NADH dehydrogenase activity in isolated mitochondria. However, there were not changes in the cytochrome c oxidase and ATPase activities by effect of these polymers. These results suggest that both chitosan and oligochitosan affect the development of R. stolonifer and might be implicated in the mitochondrial dysfunction.
AB - The antifungal activities of chitosan and oligochitosan have been used to control postharvest decay of the fruits. The effect of chitosan and oligochitosan on mycelium growth, spore germination, and mitochondrial function of Rhizopus stolonifer was evaluated in order to establish a connection between fungus development and the main organelle in charge to provide energy to the cell. The mycelium growth of R. stolonifer was significantly reduced on minimum media amended with chitosan or oligochitosan. The highest antifungal indexes were obtained on media containing chitosan or oligochitosan at 2.0mgml-1. Microscopic observation showed that chitosan and oligochitosan affected the spore germination and hyphae morphology. Both polymers increased oxygen consumption of R. stolonifer. Respiratory activity was restored with NADH in permeabilized treated and untreated cells, and was inhibited with rotenone and flavones. Complex III and IV were inhibited by antimycin A and cyanide, respectively, in treated and untreated cells. Chitosan and oligochitosan increased NADH dehydrogenase activity in isolated mitochondria. However, there were not changes in the cytochrome c oxidase and ATPase activities by effect of these polymers. These results suggest that both chitosan and oligochitosan affect the development of R. stolonifer and might be implicated in the mitochondrial dysfunction.
KW - Chitosan
KW - Mitochondrial respiration
KW - Oligochitosan
KW - Oxygen consumption
KW - Rhizopus stolonifer
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84904983839&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/jobm.201300790
DO - 10.1002/jobm.201300790
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 24771597
SN - 0233-111X
VL - 54
SP - S42-S49
JO - Journal of Basic Microbiology
JF - Journal of Basic Microbiology
IS - SUPPL.1
ER -