TY - JOUR
T1 - Aflatoxin M1 determination in infant formulae distributed in Monterrey, Mexico
AU - Quevedo-Garza, Patricia A.
AU - Amador-Espejo, Genaro G.
AU - Salas-García, Rogelio
AU - Ramos-Peña, Esteban G.
AU - Trujillo, Antonio José
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - The occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in infant formulae commercialized in the metropolitan area of Monterrey (Nuevo León, Mexico) was determined by using immunoaffinity column clean-up followed by HPLC determination with fluorimetric detection. For this, 55 infant formula powders were classified in two groups, starter (49 samples) and follow-on (6 samples) formulae. Eleven of the evaluated samples (20%) presented values above the permissible limit set by the European Union for infant formulae (25 ng/L), ranging from 40 to 450 ng/L. The estimated daily intake (EDI) for AFM1 was determined employing the average body weight (bw) of the groups of age in the ranges of 0–6 and 6–12 months, and 1–2 years. The results evidenced high intake values, ranging from 1.56 to 14 ng/kg bw/day, depending on the group. Finally, with the EDI value, the carcinogenic risk index was determined, presenting a high risk for all the evaluated groups. Based on these results, it is a necessary extra effort by the regulatory agencies to reduce the AFM1 presence in infant formulae consumed in Mexico.
AB - The occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in infant formulae commercialized in the metropolitan area of Monterrey (Nuevo León, Mexico) was determined by using immunoaffinity column clean-up followed by HPLC determination with fluorimetric detection. For this, 55 infant formula powders were classified in two groups, starter (49 samples) and follow-on (6 samples) formulae. Eleven of the evaluated samples (20%) presented values above the permissible limit set by the European Union for infant formulae (25 ng/L), ranging from 40 to 450 ng/L. The estimated daily intake (EDI) for AFM1 was determined employing the average body weight (bw) of the groups of age in the ranges of 0–6 and 6–12 months, and 1–2 years. The results evidenced high intake values, ranging from 1.56 to 14 ng/kg bw/day, depending on the group. Finally, with the EDI value, the carcinogenic risk index was determined, presenting a high risk for all the evaluated groups. Based on these results, it is a necessary extra effort by the regulatory agencies to reduce the AFM1 presence in infant formulae consumed in Mexico.
KW - AMF1
KW - Carcinogenic risk index
KW - Estimated daily intake
KW - Infant formulae
KW - Monterrey (Mexico)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079083435&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/toxins12020100
DO - 10.3390/toxins12020100
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 32033214
SN - 2072-6651
VL - 12
JO - Toxins
JF - Toxins
IS - 2
M1 - 100
ER -