TY - JOUR
T1 - Thermodynamic analysis of the soda ash smelting of lead acid battery residue in a rotary furnace
AU - Guerrero, A.
AU - Romero, A.
AU - Morales, R. D.
AU - Chavez, F.
PY - 1997/4
Y1 - 1997/4
N2 - A thermodynamic analysis of the rotary furnace process for the recovery of lead from battery residue by carbothermic reduction with soda ash (Na2CO3) was performed. Suitable models were selected to represent the thermodynamic behaviour of the bullion, matte, slag and gas phases. Equilibrium considerations and mass balances were performed in order to determine the effect of input parameters such as carbon and soda ash additions on the lead recovery. The processing of battery residue is characterized chemically by two distinct regimes, oxidizing and reducing, the occurrence of which depends on the amount of reductants added (carbon and iron). A maximum in the lead is predicted by the model at a critical range of concentration of reductants, which depends on the Pb, PbSO4, PbS and PbO2 contents of the charge. The thermodynamic model was adapted to the rotary furnace process to diminish the lead in the discarded matte-slag from 5-8wt.% Pb to about 1-2wt.% Pb. A 20% excess of carbon was added to achieve the highest lead recovery. It was found that by increasing the Fe/Fe2O3 mass ratio in the iron chips from 1/9 to 7/3 the slag viscosity diminished and the furnace operation became closer to the equilibrium condition.
AB - A thermodynamic analysis of the rotary furnace process for the recovery of lead from battery residue by carbothermic reduction with soda ash (Na2CO3) was performed. Suitable models were selected to represent the thermodynamic behaviour of the bullion, matte, slag and gas phases. Equilibrium considerations and mass balances were performed in order to determine the effect of input parameters such as carbon and soda ash additions on the lead recovery. The processing of battery residue is characterized chemically by two distinct regimes, oxidizing and reducing, the occurrence of which depends on the amount of reductants added (carbon and iron). A maximum in the lead is predicted by the model at a critical range of concentration of reductants, which depends on the Pb, PbSO4, PbS and PbO2 contents of the charge. The thermodynamic model was adapted to the rotary furnace process to diminish the lead in the discarded matte-slag from 5-8wt.% Pb to about 1-2wt.% Pb. A 20% excess of carbon was added to achieve the highest lead recovery. It was found that by increasing the Fe/Fe2O3 mass ratio in the iron chips from 1/9 to 7/3 the slag viscosity diminished and the furnace operation became closer to the equilibrium condition.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0031125663&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1179/cmq.1997.36.2.121
DO - 10.1179/cmq.1997.36.2.121
M3 - Artículo
SN - 0008-4433
VL - 36
SP - 121
EP - 130
JO - Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly
JF - Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly
IS - 2
ER -