TY - JOUR
T1 - Spider Monkeys in Human-Modified Landscapes
T2 - The Importance of the Matrix
AU - Arroyo-Rodríguez, Víctor
AU - Pérez-Elissetche, Gloria Karina
AU - Ordóñez-Gómez, José D.
AU - González-Zamora, Arturo
AU - Chaves, Óscar M.
AU - Sánchez-López, Sònia
AU - Chapman, Colin A.
AU - Morales-Hernández, Karenina
AU - Pablo-Rodríguez, Miriam
AU - Ramos-Fernández, Gabriel
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2017.
PY - 2017/7/1
Y1 - 2017/7/1
N2 - With the extant of tropical forest degradation, primates increasingly inhabit forest patches embedded in anthropogenic matrices. Such matrices are composed of different land cover types (e.g., agricultural lands and cattle pastures), but large uncertainty remains about the ability of primates to use these land covers. Here, we assessed the use of the landscape matrix by spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) in 13 forest sites from three countries (Mexico, Costa Rica, and El Salvador). Based on ad libitum records from >212 months of field observations, we found that spider monkeys used four types of land covers for feeding or traveling: secondary vegetation, isolated trees, tree crops, and vegetation corridors. Secondary vegetation was more frequently used than the other land covers. The number of land covers present in the matrix was positively related to the number of land covers used for traveling and feeding. Monkeys consumed 53 plant species in the matrix, mostly native and old-growth or late-successional forest species, although they also used three cultivated tree species. Most species were trees, especially from preferred food species, although monkeys also used palms, lianas, and shrubs. Monkeys fed principally from fruits, but they also used leaves, wood, and flowers. Most species were used from secondary vegetation and isolated trees. These findings suggest that the landscape matrix can provide supplementary food sources for this endangered primate and opportunities for traveling (i.e., spatial connectivity) in human-modified landscapes—information that can be used to improve conservation strategies, especially under the context of land-sharing management strategies (e.g., agroforestry).
AB - With the extant of tropical forest degradation, primates increasingly inhabit forest patches embedded in anthropogenic matrices. Such matrices are composed of different land cover types (e.g., agricultural lands and cattle pastures), but large uncertainty remains about the ability of primates to use these land covers. Here, we assessed the use of the landscape matrix by spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) in 13 forest sites from three countries (Mexico, Costa Rica, and El Salvador). Based on ad libitum records from >212 months of field observations, we found that spider monkeys used four types of land covers for feeding or traveling: secondary vegetation, isolated trees, tree crops, and vegetation corridors. Secondary vegetation was more frequently used than the other land covers. The number of land covers present in the matrix was positively related to the number of land covers used for traveling and feeding. Monkeys consumed 53 plant species in the matrix, mostly native and old-growth or late-successional forest species, although they also used three cultivated tree species. Most species were trees, especially from preferred food species, although monkeys also used palms, lianas, and shrubs. Monkeys fed principally from fruits, but they also used leaves, wood, and flowers. Most species were used from secondary vegetation and isolated trees. These findings suggest that the landscape matrix can provide supplementary food sources for this endangered primate and opportunities for traveling (i.e., spatial connectivity) in human-modified landscapes—information that can be used to improve conservation strategies, especially under the context of land-sharing management strategies (e.g., agroforestry).
KW - Atelidae
KW - behavioral flexibility
KW - compositional heterogeneity
KW - corridors
KW - fragmentation
KW - habitat loss
KW - land sharing
KW - landscape supplementation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85052903788&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/1940082917719788
DO - 10.1177/1940082917719788
M3 - Artículo
SN - 1940-0829
VL - 10
JO - Tropical Conservation Science
JF - Tropical Conservation Science
ER -