TY - GEN
T1 - Optimization of fusion-fission hybrid reactor fuel composition
AU - Perez-Gamboa, M. L.
AU - Nieto-Perez, M.
AU - Mahajan, S.
AU - Valanju, P.
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - One of the perceived barriers for the sustainability of nuclear energy is the issue of the high-level waste in the form of spent fuel. This issue affects the public image of the industry as well as the rentability of a nuclear operation. Strategies aimed at the reduction and utilization of spent fuel are hence desirable to reduce the radiotoxicity of the waste and reduce the volume requirement for a geological repository. There are proven technologies that can extract U and Pu isotopes suitable to be burned on thermal reactors, but the minor actinides and the nonfissile isotopes of Pu represent a problem, since they are the main contributors to the radiotoxicity of spent fuel by being decay chain heads. Their early elimination significantly reduces the activity of the spent fuel over time. Fusion-fission hybrids are being considered as an alternative for actinide burning and transmutation taking advantage of the energetic neutrons generated in the fusion reactor, in order to burn actinides present in a fission blanket around the fusion neutron source. In the present paper, operating scenarios for the Compact Fusion Neutron Source (CFNS) fed by reprocessed PWR spent fuel are considered. The goal of the simulations is to optimize the combination of coolant, matrix and fuel composition such that the maximization of both the actinide burning and the energy multiplication in the system is achieved, with the fission blanket generating excess energy after feeding the fusion neutron source; the systems is also subject to the constrain of being a subcritical assembly for safety considerations. The neutronic behavior for different combinations of gas coolants (Li, CO2 and He) was modeled using the MCNPX code using the materials and the geometry already defined for CFNS, and using typical spent fuel minor actinides concentration and composition.
AB - One of the perceived barriers for the sustainability of nuclear energy is the issue of the high-level waste in the form of spent fuel. This issue affects the public image of the industry as well as the rentability of a nuclear operation. Strategies aimed at the reduction and utilization of spent fuel are hence desirable to reduce the radiotoxicity of the waste and reduce the volume requirement for a geological repository. There are proven technologies that can extract U and Pu isotopes suitable to be burned on thermal reactors, but the minor actinides and the nonfissile isotopes of Pu represent a problem, since they are the main contributors to the radiotoxicity of spent fuel by being decay chain heads. Their early elimination significantly reduces the activity of the spent fuel over time. Fusion-fission hybrids are being considered as an alternative for actinide burning and transmutation taking advantage of the energetic neutrons generated in the fusion reactor, in order to burn actinides present in a fission blanket around the fusion neutron source. In the present paper, operating scenarios for the Compact Fusion Neutron Source (CFNS) fed by reprocessed PWR spent fuel are considered. The goal of the simulations is to optimize the combination of coolant, matrix and fuel composition such that the maximization of both the actinide burning and the energy multiplication in the system is achieved, with the fission blanket generating excess energy after feeding the fusion neutron source; the systems is also subject to the constrain of being a subcritical assembly for safety considerations. The neutronic behavior for different combinations of gas coolants (Li, CO2 and He) was modeled using the MCNPX code using the materials and the geometry already defined for CFNS, and using typical spent fuel minor actinides concentration and composition.
KW - actinide destruction
KW - fusion neutron sources
KW - fusion-fission hybrid reactors
KW - nuclear spent fuel
KW - tritium breeding
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84890502763&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/SOFE.2013.6635505
DO - 10.1109/SOFE.2013.6635505
M3 - Contribución a la conferencia
AN - SCOPUS:84890502763
SN - 9781479901715
T3 - 2013 IEEE 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering, SOFE 2013
BT - 2013 IEEE 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering, SOFE 2013
T2 - 2013 IEEE 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering, SOFE 2013
Y2 - 10 June 2013 through 14 June 2013
ER -