Is There a Risk to Humans from Consuming Octopus Species from Sites with High Environmental Levels of Metals?

Although octopuses are in high-demand globally and can bioaccumulate high concentrations of metals, the risk associated to its consumption is poorly understood. We compiled literature data from eight locations in Europe, North America and Northern Africa with different environmental levels of metals to evaluate: (1) the risk to human health through consumption of muscle tissues and digestive glands of Octopus hubbsorum, O. vulgaris and Eledone cirrhosa, and (2) the maximum allowable consumption rates (CR_lim). The assessments were done according the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The results indicate the absence of health risk through consumption of muscle tissues, and high health risk through consumption of digestive glands (attributed to its high Cd levels), reflected in its 1ow CR_lim values. In conclusion, even in contaminated sites the consumption of octopus muscle tissues is not an issue of concern, while the consumption of digestive glands should be more carefully monitored to avoid health problems.