TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of chronic immobilization stress on parameters of colonic homeostasis in BALB/c mice
AU - Machorru-Rojas, Nancy
AU - Sainz-Espuñes, Teresita
AU - Godínez-Victoria, Marycarmen
AU - Castañeda-Sánchez, Jorge Ismael
AU - Campos-Rodríguez, Rafael
AU - Pacheco-Yepez, Judith
AU - Drago-Serrano, Maria Elisa
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Spandidos Publications. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - The intestinal epithelium is a monolayer of cells arranged side-by-side and connected by tight junction (TJ) proteins expressed at the apical extreme of the paracellular membrane. This layer prevents stress-induced inflammatory responses, thus helping to maintain gut barrier function and gut homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of chronic immobilization stress on the colonic expression of various parameters of homeostasis. A total of two groups of female BALB/c mice (n=6) were included: A stressed group (short-term immobilization for 2 h/day for 4 consecutive days) and an unstressed (control) group. Colon samples were obtained to detect neutrophils and goblet cells by optical microscopy, TJ protein expression (occludin, and claudin -2, -4, -7, -12 and -15) by western blotting, mRNA levels of TJ genes and proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, -6 and -8] by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, fecal lactoferrin by ELISA and the number of colony-forming units of aerobic bacteria. Compared with goblet cells in control mice, goblet cells were enlarged and reduced in number in stressed mice, whereas neutrophil cellularity was unaltered. Stressed mice exhibited reduced mRNA expression for all evaluated TJ mRNAs, with the exception of claudin-7, which was upregulated. Protein levels of occludin and all claudins (with the exception of claudin-12) were decreased in stressed mice. Fecal lactoferrin, proinflammatory cytokine mRNA levels and aerobic bacterial counts were all increased in the stressed group. These results indicated that immobilization stress induced proinflammatory and potential remodeling effects in the colon by decreasing TJ protein expression. The present study may be a useful reference for therapies aiming to regulate the effects of stress on intestinal inflammatory dysfunction.
AB - The intestinal epithelium is a monolayer of cells arranged side-by-side and connected by tight junction (TJ) proteins expressed at the apical extreme of the paracellular membrane. This layer prevents stress-induced inflammatory responses, thus helping to maintain gut barrier function and gut homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of chronic immobilization stress on the colonic expression of various parameters of homeostasis. A total of two groups of female BALB/c mice (n=6) were included: A stressed group (short-term immobilization for 2 h/day for 4 consecutive days) and an unstressed (control) group. Colon samples were obtained to detect neutrophils and goblet cells by optical microscopy, TJ protein expression (occludin, and claudin -2, -4, -7, -12 and -15) by western blotting, mRNA levels of TJ genes and proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, -6 and -8] by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, fecal lactoferrin by ELISA and the number of colony-forming units of aerobic bacteria. Compared with goblet cells in control mice, goblet cells were enlarged and reduced in number in stressed mice, whereas neutrophil cellularity was unaltered. Stressed mice exhibited reduced mRNA expression for all evaluated TJ mRNAs, with the exception of claudin-7, which was upregulated. Protein levels of occludin and all claudins (with the exception of claudin-12) were decreased in stressed mice. Fecal lactoferrin, proinflammatory cytokine mRNA levels and aerobic bacterial counts were all increased in the stressed group. These results indicated that immobilization stress induced proinflammatory and potential remodeling effects in the colon by decreasing TJ protein expression. The present study may be a useful reference for therapies aiming to regulate the effects of stress on intestinal inflammatory dysfunction.
KW - Bacterial overgrowth
KW - Board immobilization stress
KW - Colon
KW - Fecal lactoferrin
KW - Goblet cells
KW - Tight junction proteins
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85070212632&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3892/mmr.2019.10437
DO - 10.3892/mmr.2019.10437
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 31257542
AN - SCOPUS:85070212632
SN - 1791-2997
VL - 20
SP - 2083
EP - 2090
JO - Molecular Medicine Reports
JF - Molecular Medicine Reports
IS - 3
ER -