TY - JOUR
T1 - Identification of fungal species associated with cladode spot of prickly pear and their sensitivity to chitosan
AU - Flores-Flores, Rosalba
AU - Velázquez-del Valle, Miguel G.
AU - León-Rodriguez, Renato
AU - Flores-Moctezuma, Hilda E.
AU - Hernández-Lauzardo, Ana N.
PY - 2013/8
Y1 - 2013/8
N2 - México is the most important producer of prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) in the world. There are several fungal diseases that can have a negative impact on their yields. In this study, there was a widespread fungal richness on cladodes spot of prickly pears from México. A total of 41 fungi isolates were obtained from cladodes spot; 11 of them were morphologically different. According to the pathogenicity test, seven isolates caused lesions on cladodes. The morphological and molecular identification evidenced the isolation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium lunatum, Curvularia lunata. All these species caused similar symptoms of circular cladodes spot. However, it is noticeable that some lesions showed perforation and detachment of affected tissues by Fusarium lunatum. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the Fusarium lunatum as phytopathogenic fungus of cladodes of prickly pear. The chitosan inhibited the mycelium growth in the seven isolates of phytopathogenic fungi. Chitosan applications diminished the disease incidence caused by C. gloeosporioies and F. lunatum in 40 and 100%, respectively. Likewise, the lesion severity index in cladodes decreased. There are no previous reports about the application of chitosan on cladodes of prickly pears for the control of phytopathogenic fungi. Therefore, this research could contribute to improve the strategies for the management of diseases in prickly pear.
AB - México is the most important producer of prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) in the world. There are several fungal diseases that can have a negative impact on their yields. In this study, there was a widespread fungal richness on cladodes spot of prickly pears from México. A total of 41 fungi isolates were obtained from cladodes spot; 11 of them were morphologically different. According to the pathogenicity test, seven isolates caused lesions on cladodes. The morphological and molecular identification evidenced the isolation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium lunatum, Curvularia lunata. All these species caused similar symptoms of circular cladodes spot. However, it is noticeable that some lesions showed perforation and detachment of affected tissues by Fusarium lunatum. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the Fusarium lunatum as phytopathogenic fungus of cladodes of prickly pear. The chitosan inhibited the mycelium growth in the seven isolates of phytopathogenic fungi. Chitosan applications diminished the disease incidence caused by C. gloeosporioies and F. lunatum in 40 and 100%, respectively. Likewise, the lesion severity index in cladodes decreased. There are no previous reports about the application of chitosan on cladodes of prickly pears for the control of phytopathogenic fungi. Therefore, this research could contribute to improve the strategies for the management of diseases in prickly pear.
KW - Alternaria alternata
KW - Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
KW - Curvularia lunata
KW - Fungal diseases
KW - Fusarium lunatum
KW - ITS region sequences
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84880291395&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/jph.12104
DO - 10.1111/jph.12104
M3 - Artículo
SN - 0931-1785
VL - 161
SP - 544
EP - 552
JO - Journal of Phytopathology
JF - Journal of Phytopathology
IS - 7-8
ER -