TY - JOUR
T1 - Geochemical elements in suspended particulate matter of Ensenada de La Paz Lagoon, Baja California Peninsula, Mexico
T2 - Sources, distribution, mass balance and ecotoxicological risks
AU - Morales-García, Sandra Soledad
AU - Pérez- Escamilla, Pilar de Acacia
AU - Sujitha, Suresh Babu
AU - Godwyn-Paulson, Pichaimani
AU - Zúñiga-Cabezas, Andrés Felipe
AU - Jonathan, Muthuswamy Ponniah
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2024/2
Y1 - 2024/2
N2 - The present study aimed to evaluate multi-element concentrations (Al, As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr) in suspended particulate material (SPM) collected from Ensenada de La Paz (ELP) lagoon, Baja California Sur, Mexico in two different periods (September and May) to comprehend their origin, geochemical behavior, mass transfer and associated ecotoxicological risks. The 24 hr variation coefficient of volumetric SPM levels were found to be 51.7% in September and 40.5% in May, signifying the effects of oceanic waters. The calculated enrichment factor (EF) values for all the studied elements were of higher magnitude because of the high surface area and oxide nature of SPM, and in this study, Mo had the highest EF of 46.77 probably due to its origin from continental weathering. From the ecotoxicological perspective, the integrated toxic risk index revealed low toxic risk to the benthic community. However, the mean-ERM-Quotient calculated using the particulate concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb indicated 9% probability of toxicity to biota. The comprehensive geochemical and ecotoxicological assessment of particulate metal concentrations in the ELP lagoon signify low to moderate contamination.
AB - The present study aimed to evaluate multi-element concentrations (Al, As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr) in suspended particulate material (SPM) collected from Ensenada de La Paz (ELP) lagoon, Baja California Sur, Mexico in two different periods (September and May) to comprehend their origin, geochemical behavior, mass transfer and associated ecotoxicological risks. The 24 hr variation coefficient of volumetric SPM levels were found to be 51.7% in September and 40.5% in May, signifying the effects of oceanic waters. The calculated enrichment factor (EF) values for all the studied elements were of higher magnitude because of the high surface area and oxide nature of SPM, and in this study, Mo had the highest EF of 46.77 probably due to its origin from continental weathering. From the ecotoxicological perspective, the integrated toxic risk index revealed low toxic risk to the benthic community. However, the mean-ERM-Quotient calculated using the particulate concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb indicated 9% probability of toxicity to biota. The comprehensive geochemical and ecotoxicological assessment of particulate metal concentrations in the ELP lagoon signify low to moderate contamination.
KW - Ensenada de La Paz
KW - Heavy metals
KW - Mass transfer
KW - Risk assessment
KW - Suspended particulate material
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85149383249&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jes.2022.08.033
DO - 10.1016/j.jes.2022.08.033
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 37923452
AN - SCOPUS:85149383249
SN - 1001-0742
VL - 136
SP - 422
EP - 436
JO - Journal of Environmental Sciences (China)
JF - Journal of Environmental Sciences (China)
ER -