TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of restraint stress on the population of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes in mice
AU - Jarillo-Luna, Adriana
AU - Rivera-Aguilar, Víctor
AU - Martìnez-Carrillo, Beatriz Elina
AU - Barbosa-Cabrera, Elizabeth
AU - Garfias, Humberto Reyna
AU - Campos-Rodríguez, Rafael
N1 - Funding Information:
Thanks to Allan Larsen for the skillful technical assistance. This work was supported by SIP-IPN, and a CONACYT grant to R.C.R. (33993-N).
PY - 2008/2
Y1 - 2008/2
N2 - The impact of restraint stress on the intestinal immune system, particularly on intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (i-IEL), has not been described in detail. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of restraint stress, including those produced by increases in glucocorticoids and catecholamines, on the population of i-IEL. Mice were exposed to 1 or 4 h restraint stress for 4 day, and the number of IEL in the mucosa of the proximal small intestine was determined by immunohistochemistry. The effects of restraint were also analyzed in mice submitted to different procedures: adrenalectomy, chemical sympathectomy, and treatment with a glucocorticoid antagonist (RU486), dexamethasone, and epinephrine. The main findings were that: (1) chronic restraint-stress reduced the i-IEl population in the small intestine; (2) adrenalectomy, treatment with RU-486 and chemical sympathectomy decreased the number of γδ, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in non-stressed groups; (3) dexamethasone reduced the number of γδ and CD8+ T cells, and (4) epinephrine reduced the number of γδ, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. These results demonstrated that restraint stress decreased the number of i-IEL in the proximal small intestine of mice, mainly by the combined action of higher concentrations of catecholamines and glucocorticoids, and that lower concentrations of glucocorticoids and catecholamines in unstressed mice preserved the population of i-IEL.
AB - The impact of restraint stress on the intestinal immune system, particularly on intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (i-IEL), has not been described in detail. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of restraint stress, including those produced by increases in glucocorticoids and catecholamines, on the population of i-IEL. Mice were exposed to 1 or 4 h restraint stress for 4 day, and the number of IEL in the mucosa of the proximal small intestine was determined by immunohistochemistry. The effects of restraint were also analyzed in mice submitted to different procedures: adrenalectomy, chemical sympathectomy, and treatment with a glucocorticoid antagonist (RU486), dexamethasone, and epinephrine. The main findings were that: (1) chronic restraint-stress reduced the i-IEl population in the small intestine; (2) adrenalectomy, treatment with RU-486 and chemical sympathectomy decreased the number of γδ, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in non-stressed groups; (3) dexamethasone reduced the number of γδ and CD8+ T cells, and (4) epinephrine reduced the number of γδ, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. These results demonstrated that restraint stress decreased the number of i-IEL in the proximal small intestine of mice, mainly by the combined action of higher concentrations of catecholamines and glucocorticoids, and that lower concentrations of glucocorticoids and catecholamines in unstressed mice preserved the population of i-IEL.
KW - Adrenalectomy
KW - Catecholamines
KW - Glucocorticoids
KW - Intestine
KW - Intraepithelial lymphocytes
KW - Restraint-stress
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=37449027495&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.bbi.2007.08.004
DO - 10.1016/j.bbi.2007.08.004
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 17900858
SN - 0889-1591
VL - 22
SP - 265
EP - 275
JO - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
JF - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
IS - 2
ER -