Current molecular aspects in the development and treatment of diabetes

Samuel Álvarez-Almazán, Jessica Georgina Filisola-Villaseñor, Diana Alemán-González-Duhart, Feliciano Tamay-Cach, Jessica Elena Mendieta-Wejebe

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

16 Scopus citations

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to microvascular, macrovascular, and neurological complications. Less is understood about the mechanisms of this disease that give rise to weak bones. The many molecular mechanisms proposed to explain the damage caused by chronic hyperglycemia are organ and tissue dependent. Since all the different treatments for DM involve therapeutic activity combined with side effects and each patient represents a unique condition, there is no generalized therapy. The alterations stemming from hyperglycemia affect metabolism, osmotic pressure, oxidative stress, and inflammation. In part, hemodynamic modifications are linked to the osmotic potential of the excess of carbohydrates implicated in the disease. The change in osmotic balance increases as the disease progresses because hyperglycemia becomes chronic. The aim of the current contribution is to provide an updated overview of the molecular mechanisms that participate in the development and treatment of diabetes.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)13-35
Number of pages23
JournalJournal of Physiology and Biochemistry
Volume76
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Feb 2020

Keywords

  • Complications of diabetes
  • Diabetes
  • Diabetes treatment
  • Insulin resistance
  • T1DM
  • T2DM

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