TY - JOUR
T1 - Brain damage induced by contaminants released in a hospital from Mexico
T2 - Evaluation of swimming behavior, oxidative stress, and acetylcholinesterase in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
AU - Rosales-Pérez, Karina Elisa
AU - Elizalde-Velázquez, Gustavo Axel
AU - Gómez-Oliván, Leobardo Manuel
AU - Orozco-Hernández, José Manuel
AU - Cardoso-Vera, Jesús Daniel
AU - Heredia-García, Gerardo
AU - Islas-Flores, Hariz
AU - García-Medina, Sandra
AU - Galar-Martínez, Marcela
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/5
Y1 - 2022/5
N2 - Several studies have indicated that hospital effluents can produce genotoxic and mutagenic effects, cytotoxicity, hematological and histological alterations, embryotoxicity, and oxidative stress in diverse water organisms, but research on the neurotoxic effects hospital wastewater materials can generate in fish is still scarce. To fill the above-described knowledge gap, this study aimed to determine whether the exposure of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) to several proportions (0.1%, 2.5%, 3.5%) of a hospital effluent can disrupt behavior or impair redox status and acetylcholinesterase content in the brain. After 96 h of exposure to the effluent, we observed a decrease in total distance traveled and an increase in frozen time compared to the control group. Moreover, we also observed a significant increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species in the brains of the fish, especially in hydroperoxide and protein carbonyl content, relative to the control group. Our results also demonstrated that hospital effluents significantly inhibited the activity of the AChE enzyme in the brains of the fish. Our Pearson correlation demonstrated that the response to acetylcholinesterase at the lowest proportions (0.1% and 2.5%) is positively related to the oxidative stress response and the behavioral changes observed. The cohort of our studies demonstrated that the exposure of adult zebrafish to a hospital effluent induced oxidative stress and decreased acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain of these freshwater organisms, which can lead to alterations in their behavior.
AB - Several studies have indicated that hospital effluents can produce genotoxic and mutagenic effects, cytotoxicity, hematological and histological alterations, embryotoxicity, and oxidative stress in diverse water organisms, but research on the neurotoxic effects hospital wastewater materials can generate in fish is still scarce. To fill the above-described knowledge gap, this study aimed to determine whether the exposure of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) to several proportions (0.1%, 2.5%, 3.5%) of a hospital effluent can disrupt behavior or impair redox status and acetylcholinesterase content in the brain. After 96 h of exposure to the effluent, we observed a decrease in total distance traveled and an increase in frozen time compared to the control group. Moreover, we also observed a significant increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species in the brains of the fish, especially in hydroperoxide and protein carbonyl content, relative to the control group. Our results also demonstrated that hospital effluents significantly inhibited the activity of the AChE enzyme in the brains of the fish. Our Pearson correlation demonstrated that the response to acetylcholinesterase at the lowest proportions (0.1% and 2.5%) is positively related to the oxidative stress response and the behavioral changes observed. The cohort of our studies demonstrated that the exposure of adult zebrafish to a hospital effluent induced oxidative stress and decreased acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain of these freshwater organisms, which can lead to alterations in their behavior.
KW - Behavior
KW - Hospital wastewater
KW - Neurotransmitters
KW - Oxidative status
KW - Zebrafish
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85123847049&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133791
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133791
M3 - Artículo
C2 - 35104548
AN - SCOPUS:85123847049
SN - 0045-6535
VL - 294
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
M1 - 133791
ER -