TY - JOUR
T1 - Amoebicidal activity of milk, apo-lactoferrin, slgA and lysozyme
AU - León-Sicairos, Nidia
AU - López-Soto, Fernando
AU - Reyes-López, Magda
AU - Godínez-Vargas, Delfino
AU - Ordaz-Pichardo, Cynthia
AU - De La Garza, Mireya
PY - 2006/6
Y1 - 2006/6
N2 - Objectives: To identify amoebicidal components in human milk and the effect of iron on the amoebicidal activity. Design: Investigation in axenic cultures of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites. Methods: Amoebas were treated with 5%-20% of human, bovine and swine milk, with 10% of human milk fractions (i.e., casein, proteins except casein and fat) or with I mg/ml of human milk apo-lactoferrin, human secretory immunoglobulin type A (slgA) and chicken egg-white lysozyme (i.e., purified proteins). Milk proteins were detected using immunoblot. Confocal microscopy was used to define the interaction of milk proteins (100 μM each) and amoebas. Experiments were done at least three times in triplicate, and mean and standard deviations were calculated. Results: Human and bovine milk were amoebicidal showing a concentration-dependent effect. The amoebicidal effect was increased in the absence of iron. Milk protein fractions, with the exception of casein, were the components responsible for the amoebicidal activity found. Apo-lactoferrin, slgA and lysozyme were identified in the amoebicidal milk protein fraction. Apo-lactoferrin showed the major amoebicidal effect. These proteins, either alone or in combination, showed a killing effect on the trophozoites. They bound to the amoebic membrane causing cell rounding, lipid disruption and damage. Conclusions: Milk proteins such as apo-lactoferrin, slgA and lysozyme are able to kill Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites. This study confirms the importance of feeding breast milk to newborns.
AB - Objectives: To identify amoebicidal components in human milk and the effect of iron on the amoebicidal activity. Design: Investigation in axenic cultures of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites. Methods: Amoebas were treated with 5%-20% of human, bovine and swine milk, with 10% of human milk fractions (i.e., casein, proteins except casein and fat) or with I mg/ml of human milk apo-lactoferrin, human secretory immunoglobulin type A (slgA) and chicken egg-white lysozyme (i.e., purified proteins). Milk proteins were detected using immunoblot. Confocal microscopy was used to define the interaction of milk proteins (100 μM each) and amoebas. Experiments were done at least three times in triplicate, and mean and standard deviations were calculated. Results: Human and bovine milk were amoebicidal showing a concentration-dependent effect. The amoebicidal effect was increased in the absence of iron. Milk protein fractions, with the exception of casein, were the components responsible for the amoebicidal activity found. Apo-lactoferrin, slgA and lysozyme were identified in the amoebicidal milk protein fraction. Apo-lactoferrin showed the major amoebicidal effect. These proteins, either alone or in combination, showed a killing effect on the trophozoites. They bound to the amoebic membrane causing cell rounding, lipid disruption and damage. Conclusions: Milk proteins such as apo-lactoferrin, slgA and lysozyme are able to kill Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites. This study confirms the importance of feeding breast milk to newborns.
KW - Amoebicidal
KW - Apo-lactoferrin
KW - Entamoeba histolytica
KW - Lysozyme
KW - Milk
KW - SlgA
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33745930520&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3121/cmr.4.2.106
DO - 10.3121/cmr.4.2.106
M3 - Artículo
SN - 1539-4182
VL - 4
SP - 106
EP - 113
JO - Clinical Medicine and Research
JF - Clinical Medicine and Research
IS - 2
ER -